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ANNALS
7/
Vyvv€-
%
OF THE
TRANSVAAL MUSEUM
Index to Vol. II.
f*T % ^ : 1 ^ -
.2.4-1 63 I
ai
MEDEDELINGEN
VAN HET
TRANSVAAL MUSEUM
Bladwijzer van Deel II.
PRETORIA:
BUCKLEY & VAN DUYN, PRINTERS
m
INDEX TO VOL. II.
A
abdominale (Farasiysson) 143
ablabophis 57
Ablepharus 40, 56, 62, 63, 64, 90
Abrostomus 251
acanthocercoides (Leydigia) 255
Acanthodon ... ... 74
Aciptilus 3
Acoenitini 180, 181
Acontias 38, 63, 66, 67, 70
Acronus 180
aculeata (Agama) 59
acutiangulatus (Pom pi Jus) 125
acutilabris (EVIabwia) 62, 90, 100
Adaina 219
adamasta (Tinea) 27
ADELIOAE ... 28, 239
adspersa (Rana) 57
adumbratus (Pterophorus) 3
aegyptiaca (Simaethis) 26
aegyptium (Sceliphron) 136
aenea (Chamaesaura) ... 34, 37, 56, 71
afer (Rhoptropus) 58, 81, 88
affins (Pachydactylus) 87
africana (Leydigia) 255
africana (Oedura) 78, 86
africanum (Rhynchium) 163
africanus (ApasiteSes) 206, 207
africanus (Yetradactylus) 62, 103, 105, 106
Agama 39, 56, 57, 59, 67, 70
AGAMIDAE ... ... ... 59
aganopa (SViendesia) 234
aganopis (Prosarotra) 23
AGATHID1NAE ... ... 205
Agdistis ... ... ... 4
Agenia ... ... ... ... 127
agria (Melasina) ... ... ... ... 27
alaris (Discolia) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 120
albigularis (Varamig) ... 60
albilabris (SVIesostenus) ... ... ... 177, 178
albisectus (Sphex, Parasphex) 138
albopilosella (Astata) ... 130
Alriada ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 176, 177
Alucita ... 3
ALYSIINAE ... ... ... ... ... ... 212
ambigua (Prosymna) ... ... ... ... 73
ambitiosus (Pterophorus) 220
ammonias (Pterophorus) ... 3
Ammophila 133
Amorphota 185
Amphisbaena ... 38, 60, 69
AMPHISBAENSDAE ... 60
Ampulex 140
Anacampsis ... ... 11, 14
Anaplasma ... 55
anchiala (Gephyristis) 27
anchietae (ChamaeEeoin) 67
anchietae (EVionopeltis) 60
Ancylis 6
ancyloneurus (Pompilus) 123
Androna ... 185, 186
ANELYTROPIDAE 63
angolensis (Rana) 57
anguina (Chamaesaura) 34, 37
anguina (Herpetosaura) 63, 97, 98
angulifer (Ghondrodactydus) 77, 82, 85
annulata (Lienefla) 179
annulicornis (IVSacrocentrus) 211
anomalus (Gordaianthus) ... 169
antennata (Microschismus) 222
anulatum (Piroplasma) ... ... 53
Apanteles ... 206
Aporus 128
appendiculatus (Rhipicephalus) ... ... 50
arenicola (Herpetosaura) 63, 102
areolata (Gasterotheca) 202
Arge ... ... .. 173
argentata (Ammophila) 136
argenteovestita (Tachytes) ... 130
argillosa (Fhyllobrostis) 237
Argyroploce 9, 228
Argyrotoxa ... 224
arietans (Bstis) ... ... ... 57
Aristotelia 229
armata (Agama) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 59
afmaticeps (Gerceris) ... 149
arofcraea (Brachmia) ... 14
ASGLEPIADAGEAE ... 47
assecula (Pharmacis) 5, 223
assimilis (Helioryctes) 143
Astata ... 130
ater (Melanoseps) ... 63, 92, 102
aterrima (Larrada) ... ... ... ... 130
aterrima (Notogonia)
Athalia
atomosa (Marasmarcha) ...
atra (Agama)
Atractaspis
atricollis (Agama) 56,
aulotes (Pselnophorus)
aurantiacus (Typhlosaurus) 63,
auriferella (Stathmopoda)
auritus (Gerrhosaurus) 103, 104,
auropilosus (Gratocenis us)
australis (Leydigia)
B
Babesia
Bactra 8,
Bacuma 194,
barathrodes (Paristhmia)
Barbaroscardia
barbitias (Epicephala) 24,
basiornata (Androna) 186,
Bassini ...
Bassus
Batrachedra
Bedellia
bellatulus (Odynerus)
belli (IVIoina)
bellicosa (Opostega) ...
Belonogaster
Bembex ...
bergi (Gerrhosaurus)
betschuanicus (Hadogenes)
bibroni (Atractaspis)
bibroni (Pachydactylus) ... 58, 62, 79,
bibroni (Typhiops)
bicolor (Hadogenes)
bicolor (Sceiotes) ... 63, 92, 97,
bigeminum (Piroplasma)
49, 50, 53, 54,
bigeminum (Pirosoma) ...
bimaculata (IMinanga)
bipes (Sceiotes) 63, 91, 98, 101,
bitaeniatus (CHamaeleon)
Bitis
bjerkandrella (Chore utis)
BLAGINAE
Elacus
Boodon
Boophilus
Bosmina
bottegi (Gerrhosaurus)
bovis (Piroplasma)
Braehmia ... ... 13, 14,
brachyura (Agama)
Bracon 192,
BRAGONIDAE 192, 206
BRACQNSNAE 192
braconnieri (Rhoptropus) 81, 85, 88
BRANCHIOP0DA 253
bretoni (Pompilus) 123
brevibasana (Argyroploce) 9
brevicarinata (Notogonia) 131
breyeri (Tetradactylus) 62, 103, 105
Brookesia 68
broomi (Zethus) 156
Broteas 253
brunniceps (Pseudogenia) 128
Bucculatrix 237
bucolica (Gnorimoscherrta) 13
Bufo 57
burchelli (Eremias) ... 61, 107, 110, 114 C
caecus (Typhlosaurus) 63
caeruleornata (Ammophila) 135
caffer (Ghamaeleon) ... 63, 70
caffer (Sceiotes) 63, 91, 98, 101
calcaria (Phyllobrostis) 237
calida (Synagris) 160
calliarma (Eucosma) 8
Campoplegini 183, 190
Campoplex 183
cana (Pseudaspis) 57
canis (Piroplasma) 50, 54
capense (Lycophidium) 57
capensis (Ammophila) ... 136
capensis (Bembex) 144, 145
capensis (Chaicis) 215
capensis (Dielis) 121
capensis (Eremias) 61, 107, 110, 111, 114
capensis (Eurytoma) 216
capensis (Icaria) 155
capensis (Ichnotropis) ... ...
58, 61, 108, 112, 114
capensis (Lygodactylus)
56, 58, 70, 79, 82, 86
capensis (SVlonopeltis) 60, 69
i capensis (Osprynchotus) 176
capensis (Pachydactylus)
56, 80, 83, 84, 87
j capensis (Platysaurus) 31, 38
| capensis (Sceiotes) 63, 91, 101
capensis (Zonurus) 33, 36, 60
captiva(Cnephasia) 224
Caralluma 47
carens (Bufo) 57
carinifrons (Paracollyria) 181
carolinae (Ghydorus) 255
Cassina 57
cataphractus (Zonurus) 33, 36
130
174
220
59
57
59
219
70
232
105
213
255
241
227
195
13
27
234
189
192
192
235
237
167
253
236
155
144
62
42
57
87
57
42
102
55
53
202
106
64
57
26
209
209
5#
54
253
62
54
232
59
194
3
cathareuta (Bedellia)
Causus ... ...
celyphodes (Sitotroga)
Cerceris
Ceriodaphnia ...
Ceromitia
certifica (Orneodus)
CHALCIDIDAE
Chalcis
chalybeum (Sceliphron)
Chamaeleon 38, 56, 63, 64, 67
CHAMAELEONTIDAE
Ch&maesaura ... 34, 40, 56, 60,
chelias (Laspeyresia)
CHELON1NAE
chelonitis (Elachista)
Chelonus ... ...
chimbana (Mabuia) 90,
Chirindia 38, 61,
chloristis (Tineola)
Chlorophis ...
Chondrodactylus 39, 58, 59, 77
Choreutis
Chydorus
cincta (Icaria) .. ... ...
cinctipes (Opisthopatus)
cirrhacma (Opostega)
Cladocera
claviculata (Trichotaphe)
clypeatus (Pison)
commodus (Pompilus)
Cnephasia
Coelalysia
coeruleus (Elanus)
Coleophora
colonorum (Agama)
Colopus 39, 58, 59, 69,
colubratus (Pterophorus)
cometa (Scythris)
congrualis (Trichoptilus) 1,
conica (Spilonota)
Copepoda
Copobathra
Cordaianthus ...
Cordaispermum ...
Cordaites
Cordylosaurus 40, 62, 65, 69,
cordylus (Zonurus) 31, 32, 33, 60, 71, COS MO PTE RYG I DAE 18
Cosmopteryx
Crabro ...
Crassomicrodus
Cratocentrus
cregoi (Typhlosaurus) 63,
erepuscularis (Marasmarcha) ...
crepuscularis (Pterophorus)
GRYPTINAE 176
! Cryptini 176, 177
Cryptolechia ... 233
crystallista (Epiphthora) 229
ctenias (Microschismus) 222
Ctenochares ... 176
ctenodactyla (Scapteira) ... 61, 109, 115
euneirostris (Scapteira) 61, 109, 115
curvicarinata (Phanerotoma) 204
curvimaculata (Phanerotoma) 203
curvimaculatus (Chelonus) 201
curvinervis (Crassomicrodus) 205
Cyclocormus 209
Cyclops ... 253
cylindricus (Labeo) 251
GYPRtNIDAE 251
Cypris 253
Cystignathid 45
CYSTIGN ATHI D AE 45
CYSTIGNATHINAE 45
D
Dactychilikion ... ... 85
Dactylethra 231
damaranus (Chamaeleon) 64, 70
Daphnia 253
Dasypeltis 57
decoloratus (Boophilus) 54
dedjas (Salius) 122
delalandi (Rana) 57
delalandi (Nucras) 61, 108, 111, 112, 114
Demobrotis 27
densepilosella (Amorphota) 185
denticeps (Pison) 153
denticollis (Dolichurus) 141
depressa (Mabuia) 62, 93, 99
| depressa (Scapteira) 61, 109, 115
| Depressaria 22
desidiosus (Pompilus) 124
| determinatus (Odynerus) 163
dewitzii (Stizus) 144
Diaptomus 253
didactyla (Ghamaesaura) 34, 37
Didactylota ... ... 229
Dielis 120
dilepis (Chamaeleon) 64, 67
Diocosma 22
Diplodactylus 65, 67, 70
dirce (Arge) ... 174
direptalis (Platyptilia) 218
Discolia ... 119
Disophrys 205
Dispholidus 57
distanti (Glauconia) 57
ditiorana (Glyphipteryx) 26
237
57
10
148
253
239
4
213
214
137
69
63
65
229
200
25
200
100
70
238
57
82
26
253
155
44
237
253
17
153
125
224
212
,248
235
57
81
3
21
218
225
253
238
169
169
169
103
37
232
18
151
205
213
70
219
4
4
dolichocephala ( Ammophila) ... ... ...
Dolichurus
dorsalis (Homorelaps) ... ... ... ... ...
Doryctini 199,
durbanensis (Iphianlax) ... ... ... ...
E
Ebenavia ... ... ... ... ...
Eccopsis
Elachista ... ... 25,
ELACHBSTIDAE ... ... ... ... 25,
Elanus ...
Elasmodactylus 39, 58, 59,
encaeria (Lithocoiletis)
Encolpotis ...
Enieospilus
Epermenia 25,
Epicephala 24,
Epichorista 5, 6,
Epiphthora
Epithectis
equi (Piroplasma) ...
erebus (Sphex) ...
Eremias 40, 56, 61, 67, 69,
Eretmocera
eretmota (Limnoecia)
ergastularis (Gnephasia)
erythraspis (Stizus)
erythropus (Disophrys) ...
erythrospila (Oerceris) ...
erythropyga (Diseolia)
erythrostomus (Myzine)
erythrostomus (Rhogas) 195,
erythrourus (Anoplius, Pompilogastra) erythrourus (Pompilus)
Estheria
Eucosma 6,
EUCOSMIDAE 6,
Eukoebelea ... 216,
Eumenes ... ...
EUMENIDAE ...
Euplocamus ...
Euprepes ...
eurydoxa (Polyhymno)
eurygaster (Apanteles) 206,
euryspilus (Odynerus)
Eurytoma
EURYTOMBNAE
evertsi (Rhipicephalus)
Exothecini
exstincta (Geiechia)
F
facilis (Bucculatrix)
fallax (Rhynchium) 162
fasciata (Barbaroscardia) ... ... ... ... 27
fasciata (Ran a) ... ... ... 57
fasciatus (Pachydactylus) ... ... 79, 83, 87
favillaceus (Zettius) ... ... ... 156
ferrugineipes (Ammophila) ... 133
flaviceps (Androna) ... ... 186, 187
flavigularis (Gerrhosaurus)
56, 57, 62, 66, 67, 103, 105
flavolineatus (Philanthus) ... ... ... ... 147
flavo-orbitalis (Androna) ... 186, 189
flavo-orbitalis (Pimplomorpha) 188
flavo-ornata (Raphiglossa) ... 156
florifera (Eretmocera) ... ... 21
fluida (Nepticula) 236
Foersteria 204, 205
formosus (Pachydactylus) ... ... 80, 84, 87
fortis (BVIacrembola 5
frangulella (Bucculatrix) 237
Frogs ... ... 57
fuelleborni (Ohamaeleon) 64
fumipennis (Bacuma) ... 195
furcatus (Psammophis) 57
furfurosus (Pterophorus) ... 220
furtiva (Tortrix) 223
fuscicornis (Androna) 186, 188
fuscinervis (Apanteles) 206, 207
G
garrulus (Ptenopus) 58, 70, 78, 85
Gastrotheca 201
GEGK0M1DAE 58, 65, 77
Geiechia 12, 231
GELECHIADAE ... ... ... ... 10, 229
gentilis (Adaina) 219
Gephyristis 27
geraeas (Epichorista) 5
GERRH0SAIJRSOAE 62, 77, 102
Gerrhosaurus 39, 56, 57, 62, 65, 66, 67, 102
giganteus (Zonurus) 33, 35, 60
Glaucoma 57
Glossopteris ... ... 169
Gnorimoschema 12
Gorytes 143
GRAGSLARSADAE 24, 234
gracilis (Ohamaeleon) 67
gracilis (Hadogenes) ... 41, 42
gracilis (Typhlacontias) 63, 92, 102
grammica (Sepsina) 63, 92, 102
grandinosa (Nepticula) ... 236
grandis (Gerrhosaurus) ... ... ... ... 62, 104
granosa (Batrachedra) 235
granti (fVBonopeltis) 60
granulatus (Hadogenes) 42
grisea (Belonogaster) ... ... ... 155
135
141
57
200
192
59
9
233
233
248
81
234
13
182
236
234
224
229
230
50
139
106
21
20
225
144
205
148
120
117
196
124
124
253
226
225
217
156
156
239
99
15
207
166
215
215
242
200
231
237
5
gruetzneri (HVSabuia) 62, 89, 94,
guentheri(SceI©tes; . , 63, 91, 98,
gunningi (Hadogenes) 41,
gutbieri (Cordaisperrnum) ...
guttatus (PSatysaurus) ... 29, 30, 31,
gutturalis (Chamaeleon)
Gymnobracon
gymnoplea (Copepoda)
gypsophila (ESachista) ...
H
Hadogenes ... ... 41,
haemachates (Sepedon) ... ...
haemorrhoidalis (Liris)
Haemoproteus
haie (Naia)
halisparta (Ancylis)
haimodes (Coleophora)
halmyris (Laspeyresia) ... ...
Harpactids
Harpactopus ...
havelandi (Ipfaianlax)
hebetata (Bactra) ...
hectaea (Argyrotoxa)
Hednophora
Heleophryne
Helioryctes ... ...
Hemidactylus 39, 58, 64,
hemionana (Epiehorista) ...
Hemitelini ... ...
Heniscospilus
Herpetosaura 38, 63, 70, 92, 97,
heterospila (Cerceris) ...
heterotrichia (Discolia)
Hieroxestis
hilaris (Salius) ...
bimantopus (Athalia) ...
hirsutus (Salius) ... ... ...
hispida (Agama) ... ... 59,
hispida, var. distant! (Agama) ... 56,
hoeflingii (Philanthus) ...
Holcichneumon
Holcochalcis ... ... ... ...
holubi (Agama) ...
homalocephala (Mafouia)
62, 71, 89, 93, 95,
Homalosoma
Homonotus
Homopholis ... 39, 58, 59, 65, 67, 70, 79,
Homorelaps
hoplogaster (Chlorophis)
H0RSVH I N AE ... ... ... ... ... ...
Hormius
hotamboeia (Leptodira) ... ...
Huebneri
Hypercallia ... ...
I
Icaria 155
Ichneumon ... 174
1CHNEUMONIDAE ... ... ... ... ... ... 174
Ichneumonini 174
Ichnotropis ... 40, 56, 61, 67, 108
Idarnes 217
I D ARMS N AE ... ... ... 216
immaculatus (SVIyzine) ... ... 117
incultana (Polychrosis) ... ... 228
indecorus (Odynerus) ... 166
inornata (Eremias) 61, 107, 109, 113
inornatus (Scelotes) ... 63, 91, 97, 98, 102
insolens (Eucosma) 7
intermedius (Platysaurus) 30
invidiosus (Pterophorus) ... 220
iocoma (Epiehorista) 6
ionephela (Epichorista) 6, 224
iospila (Paltodora) 10
Iphianlax 192
irenensis (Salius) 122
ironica (Trschotaphe) ... ... 17
ischhozona (Palaetheta) 24
Isodonta 139
isogramma (Eucosma) ... 8
ivensii (Mabusa) 62
J
jacksoni (GhamaeSeon) ... 64
jamisieri (Salius) 122
Jansea 129
Jansei (Ampulex) ... 140
jansei (Gerceris) 149, 150
jansei (Potnpilus) ... 124
jansei (Sphex isodonta) ... 139
janseii (Eumenes) . 157
jonesii(Zonurus) 31, 32, 33, 36, 56
juncea (Belonogaster) ... 156
justifica (Scythris) 233
K
kirki (Agama) ... 59, 70, 71
klugii (Ammophila) ... ... ... ... 136
knoxii (Scapteira) 61, 108, 115
L
Labeo 251
LAGER? I DAE ... ... 61, 77, 106
laetatorius (Bassus) ... 192
laevigatum (Sceliphron) ... 137
laevigatus (Paehydactyius) ......... 79, 87
laevia (Xenopus) . ... 57
99
102
42
169
38
64
200
253
233
42
57
133
249
57
6
235
9
253
139
192
227
224
232
45
142
78
5
178
181
99
150
119
26
122
174
122
67
59
146
175
215
59
99
57
127
82
57
57
195
195
57
222
22
6
Lamblia ... ... 248,
lamprostoma (B rachitis a)
Laspeyresia 9,
laterale (Rhynchium)
lateralis (Chamaeleon)
lathridia (Telphusa)
latimaculata (Androna) 186,
latisulcatus (Macrocentrus) 210,
laureata (Ceromitia)
Lecithocera ...
Leendertziae (Garalluma)
leendertziae (Stapelia)
lepeletieri (Eumenes)
leptacanthius (Pompilus)
Leptodira ...
Leucoptera
leucotrichius (Aporus)
levilabris (Sphex)
Leydigia 253,
libraria (Orneodes)
libropis (Nemophora)
Lienella
lienigianus (Pterophorus)
Lievella ...
Limnoecia 20,
lineaticollis (Salius)
lineatus (Acantias) 63, 91, 96,
lineatus var. grayi (Acantias) ... 91,
lineatus (Boodon)
lineatus (PhyHodactylus) ... 58, 78,
lineatus (Typhlosaurus) 63, 69,
lineocellata (Eremias)
56, 61, 107, 109, 110,
liochra (Melasina)
Liris ...
lissonotum (Trypoxylon)
lissonotus (Mesostenus)
lissostoma (Oncochalcis)
Listrodromini
Lithocolletis
Lizards 56,
longalis (Stenoptilia)
longicandis (Vipio) ... ... ... ...
longicornis (Silavoga)
longihirtus (Pompilus)
longipes (Ichnotropis) 61, 108,
longirostris (Bosmina)
longirostris (Bosmina) var. africana
australis,
longitarsis (Jansea)
longiventris (Sphex)
lucasia (Eumenes) 156,
ludovicus (Ammophila)
lugubris (Eremias) el, 106,
luminata (Stathmopoda) lutea (Coelalysia) ... ...
luteipennis (Sphex) 137
luteus (Cyclocormus) 209
I luteus (Macrocentrus) 210, 211
lutrix (Homaiosoma) 57
Lycophidium 57
Lygodactylus 39, 56, 58, 59, 65, 78
Lygosoma 40, 56, 62, 63, 64, 90
mabouia (Hemidactylus) ... 58, 70, 78, 86
Mabuia ... 40, 56, 57, 62, 63, 69, 88
... ~ J W ? J f
maceratus (Trichoptilus) 2
Macrembola 5
MAGROGENTRINAE 210
Macrocentrus 210, 211
macrolepis (Ghamaesaura) ... 34, 37, 60
macrolepis (Homopholis) ... 79, 82, 86
Macrothrix 253
maculata (Brachmia) 13
maculata (Lecithocera) 13
maculatus (Pachydactylus) ... 80, 84, 87
maculifrons (Ammophiia) 134
maculinoda (Eumenes) 156
maeulipennis (Polistes) 155
maculiventris (Bocuma) 195
madeirae (Psammophila) 136
major (Gerrhosaurus) ... 62, 102, 104, 105
major A.Dum var. grandis Boul
(Gerrhosaurus) 102, 105
malacodes (Eucosma) 226
malacogramma (Brachmia) 14, 232
malitiosa (Agdistis) 4
Marasmarcha 219
marginale (Anaplasma) 55
marginalis (Polistes) 155
marginea (Tischeria) ... 238
marginiscutis (Rhynchium) 162, 163
mariquensis (Pachydactylus) ... 81, 85, 87
marmara (Eucosma) 8
marmoratus (PhyHodactylus) 58, 86
marshalli (Rhampholeon) 64
maxillosa (Eumenes) 156
Meira 117
melananthae (Caralluma) 47
melanaria (Discolia) ... •. 120
melanarius (Acronus) 180
melanatracta (Paltodora) 10
melanocephalus (Chamaeleon) 64
melanocera (Gastrotheca) 201
melanoctis (Paniscus) 190, 191
melanopus (Vipio) 193
melanopyrus (Helioryctes) 143
Melanoseps 38, 63, 65, 66, 67, 70, 92
melanospila (Cerceris) 150
melanospilus (Rhogas) 196, 197
249
14
229
163
67
. 11
188
212
239
13
47
168
158
126
57
26
128
137
255
221
28
179
221
178
232
121
101
96
57
81
70
113
27
132
152
178
215
176
234
63
221
133
190
125
115
253
254
129
137
160
133
113
232
212
7
Melasina 27, 239
meleagris (Acontias) 63, 91, 96, 101
Mendesia 234
menodora (Copobathra) 238
mentomarginatus (Pachydactylus)
80, 84, 87
meruensis (Eumenes) 153
meruensis (Isodonta) 139
mesacta (Gelechia) 12
Mesostenini ... 177
metallica (Sphex) 139
Metzneria 231
meyeri (Rhynchium) 163
microdactyla (Adaina) 219
Microgaster 207
SVIICROGASTERINAE 206
microlepidotus (Pseudocordylus)
34, 37, 71
raicroschismus ... 222
Mimeseoptilus 2
Minanga 202
mira (Herpetosaura) 63, 92, 102
mirabilis (Synagris) 160
Moina 253
molopias (Platyptilia) 2, 218
Mompha 21
monitrix (Eucosma) 7
Monopeltis 38, 60, 69, 70
montana (Tropidosaura) 108, 114
mossambica (Agama) 59, 70
muris (Lamblia) 249
rautans (Babesia) 241, 245
mutans (Piroplasma) ... 49, 50, 241
SVIYZlINiDAE ... ... ... ... ... H7
Myzine 117
. N
Naia 57
namaquensis (Eiasmodactylus) ... 81, 88 namaquensis (Eremias) ... 61, 113, 107, 109 namaquensis (Chamaeleon) 64, 67, 69, 70
nasuta (Ammophila) 136
natalensis (Chlorophis) 57
natalensis (Eurytoma) 216
natalensis (vPaniscus) 191
natalensis (Phrynobatrachus) 57
natalensis (Rana) 57
nebulosa (Ampulex) ...• 141
Nemophora • 28
Nephrurus 59
Nepticula 236
nerteria (Anacampsis) 11
nesiastis (Tineola) 239
neurogramma (Limnoecia) 20
nigellus (Stasimopus) 75
niger (A cron us) 180
nigroeandis (Paniscus) 191
nigrolineatus (Gerrhosaurus) 103
nigro-ornatus (IVIacrocentrus) 211
nigro-ornata (Pimplomorpha) 184
nigropilosellus (Liris) 132
niloticus (Varanus) 56, 57, 60
nitida (Foersteria) ... 204
nitidisentis (Valoga) 178
nivaria (Oedura) 78, 86
nobilis (Stapelia) 168
Nothris 16
Notogonia 130
Nucras 40, 56, 61, 67, 107, 111
nymphaea (Elachista) 233
O
occidentalis (Mabuia) ... 62, 69, 89, 94, 99
ocellatus (Lygodactylus) ... 58, 79, 82, 86
ocellatus (Pachydactylus) ... 58, 81, 85, 88
ocellatus (Rhoptropus) 58, 81, 88
ochrantha (Scythris) 22
ochrocosma (Epithectis) 230
Odynerus 163
GECOPHORIDAE 22, 232
Oedura ... 39, 58, 59, 66, 78
olivata (Bembex) 144
Oncochalcis 215
O’Neili (Gerceris) 150
Onycophora 44
operosa (Paltodora) 10
OPHIONINAE ... 181, 190
Ophionini 181
Opisthopatus 44
Opogona ... 26, 238
Opostega 236
opsarias (Cnephasia) 224
ornaticollis (Agenia) 128
ornativentris (Eumenes) 157
Orneodes : 4, 221
ORNEOOSOAE 4, 221
orthacta (Argyroploce) 228
oshaughnessyi (Pachydactylus) 80, 84, 87
Osmophila 200
Osprynchotus ... 176
©STRAGQDA ,. 253
ovata (Stenoma) 24
ovulata (Thriophora) 231
oxyglossa (Cosmopteryx) 18
oxypora (Procometis) 23
Oxyptilus 218
P
Pachydactylus 39, 56, 58, 59, 62, 65, 67, 79
pacifica (Marasmarcha) ... 220
pacificatrix (Plesia) 118
§
Palaetheta ...
palinorsa (Polyhymtio) ... ... ...
pallidiceps (Heniscospilus) ...
pallidipalpis (Rhogas) 196,
pallidipes (Pha&isrotoma) ...
pallidipilosella (OiscoSia) ...
pallidistigmas (SVIacroeentrus) ... 210,
palliditarsis (Eurytoma)
pallidiventris (Vipio) ... ... ...
Palmatogecko 38, 58, 59, 69,
Paltodora
panchlora (Brachmia)
Paniscini
Paniscus ... ...
paracma (Polyhymtio) ... ... ...
Paracollyria
Parapsectris
Paranysson ...
Parasphex
Parexaula ...
Paristhmia
parva (Babesia)
parva (Theileria)
52, 241, 242, 244, 245,
parvum (Piroplasma) 49, 50, 53,
Passaloecus ... ...
pausimacha (Polyhymtio)
pavida (HVIarasmai'cha)
pelochyta (Scythns)
pelopiiformis (Sphex)
Pelopoeus ... 136,
penetratus (Odynerus)
Pepsis
perfidiosum (Rhytichium)
PERILASV1PSBAE ... ... ... ...
Perilampus
peringueyi NSabuia) 62, 89, 93,
peronectis (Oelechia) ... ... ...
phaeochalca (Hieroxestis)
phalacra (Sfagmatophora)
PHALONI AD AE ... ... ... 5,
Phanerotoma
pharetrata (Tortrix) ... ... ... ... ... ...
Pharmacis 5,
Phasgonophora
Phelsuma ... ... ... ... ... 58, 59,
Philanthus
Photodotis
phragmitella (Listinoeeia)
Phrynobatrachus
Phvllobrostis
Phyllodactylus ... 39, 58, 59, 66,
phyrsima (Geromitia)
Pictus (Belotiogaster)
pictus (Bracoti)
pictus (Iphianlax)
Pimplomorpha ... ... ... ... 184, 186
Piroplasma 49, 241
Pirosoma 53
Pison 152
planiceps (Agama) 59
Platypholis 65, 67, 70
Platyptilia ... 2, 218
Platysaurus 29, 31, 40, 60
plebeia (Polistes) 155
Plesia 118
pleurilineatus (Rhogas) 196, 197
Pleurcmeurophion 183
piumbeus (Acontias) ... 63, 70, 91, 96, 101
PLUTELLJDAE ... 25, 235
Podoplea (Copepoda) 253
Polistes 155
Polychrosis 9, 228
Polyhymno 14
Polyzonus (Zonurus) 33, 36
POMP8LIOAE ... 121
Pompilus 122, 123, 129
porphyreus (Phyllodactylus) 58, 78, 85
porthmis (Bucculatrix) 26
praefumata (Epermenia) 236
praematura (Hieroxestis) 26
pretoriae (Acanthodon) 74
pretoriaensis (Arge) 173
pretoriaensis (Iphianlax) 192
pretoriaensis (Notogonia) ... 132
primaria (Polychrosis) 9
Proactica 229
probata (Telphusa) 11
prochalina (Photodotis) 229
Procometis ... 23
prona (Tortrix) ... ... 223
propinqua (Leydigia) 255
Prosarotra ... 23
Proselena ... 6
Prosymna ... 73
proximatus (Pompilus) 126
pruinosus (PSeuroneurophion) 183
Psammophila ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 136
Psammophis 57
Pselnophorus . . ... 219
Pseudagenia 128
pseudaspis 57
Pseudocordylus 34, 39, 60
psoricodes (Tortrix) ... ... 223
Ptenopus 39, 58, 59, 69, 70, 78
PTER0PHOR! DAE ... ... 218
Pterophorus 3, 219
pulchella (Agama) ... ... ... ... 59
pulchella (Eremias) 61, 106, 109, 110, 113
pulchricollis (Ammophila) ... ... 133
pulchripennis (Eumenes) 158, 160
pumilus (OHamaeieon) ... ... ... 64
23
15
181
198
203
120
212
216
194
82
10
232
190
190
15
181
231
143
138
23
13
241
246
241
151
14
219
22
137
137
164
122
161
214
214
99
12
26
20
223
203
6
223
215
66
145
229
232
57
237
78
239
155
192
192
9
punctatus (Pachydactylus) 58, 81, 85,
purcelli (Heleophryne) ,
pustulatus (Zonurus) ... ... 33,
pycnodes (Nothris) ... ... ... ...
pyritis (Hednophora) ... ...
pyrrhanthes (Gnorimoschema) ... ...
pyrrhogastra (Epicephala) ...
Python ... ...
pythonia (Bactra) ... ... ... ...
Q
quadrangularis (Leydigia) 253,
quadridentatus (Helioryctes) ... ...
quadrifrons (Amphisbaena) 60,
quilensis (GhamaeSeon) ... ... 56, 64,
quinquecristata (Mompha)
quinquetaeniata (Mabuia)
57, 62, 70, 89, 94,
R
Rana ... ... ... ...
rangei (Palmatogecko) ... 82,
RANIDAE
Raphiglossa ...
regis (HeSeophryne) ...
regularis (Bufo)
reticulata (Plesia)
Rhacophorus \
Rhampholeon ... ... ... 38, 63, 64, 68,
Rhipicephalus ... ... ... ... 50,
RHOGABINAE
Rhogas ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
rhombeatus (Gausus)
rhombeatus (Tnmerorhinus) ... ... ... Rhoptropus ... 39, 58, 59, 65, 69, 81,
rhothia (Spilonota)
Rhynchium ...
rhyodes (Nothris) ... ... ..
riciniata (Eueosma) ...
Robertsi (Stasimopus) ...
Rohitichthys ... ... ... ...
rosae (Labeo) ... ... ... ... ...
rotundata (Oncochalcis)
rotundistriatus (Pieuroneurophion) rufa (Bacuma) ... ...
rufa (Disophrys)
ruficeps (Osprynchotus)
ruficollis (Paracollyria) ...
ruficornis F. (Discoiia) ...
ruficornis, var. melanaria, Gribodo ...
(Discofia)
rufipennis (Belonogaster) ...
rufipennis (Sphex)
rufolineata (Eumenes)
rufoscapus (Chelonus)
rufus (Enieospilus) ... ... ... 183
rufus (Xenolobus) ... ... 200
rufulus (Ablabophis) ... 57
rugosus (Pachydactylus) 80, 84
S
Sabia (Platyptilia) ... ... ... ... ... 2
sabius (Mimeseoptilus) 2
Salius ... ... 121
sanguinis (Latnblia) ... 248, 249, 250
sarcopa (Prosarotra) ... ... ... ... 23
saurota (Batrachedra) ... 236
scabra (Dasypeltis) ... 57
scaleuta (Coleophora) 235
scaligera (Gosmopteryx) 18
scammatias (Leucoptera) 26
Scapteira ... 40, 61, 67, 69, 70, 108
scatospila Eretmocera) 21
sceletias (SVlicroschismus) ... 222
Sceliphron 136
Scelotes 38, 63, 91, 97
scenica(Eucosma) 227
SGINGSDAE 62, 65, 77, 88
sclerodes (Stagmatophora) ... 19
SGOL8IDAE ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 119
scripticeps (Gdynerus) ... ... 167
scrupulosa (Bactra) ... ... ... 227
SGYTHRI D AE ... 21, 233
Scythris 21, 233
sebae (Python) 57
secutor (Oxyptilus) 218
semiannulatus (Tarbophis) 57
Semodictis ... ... ... 16
senegalensis (Gassina) ... ... ... 57
Sepedon ... ... ... ... ... 57
Sepophis ... ... 67
seps (Tetradactylus) 62, 103, 105
Sepsina ... ... 38, 63, 65, 66, 67
serripes (Scapteira) 61, 109, 115
sibilans (Psammophis) ... ... 57
siccella (Bactra) ... ... 8
S1GALPHINAE ... 204
Sigalphus ... ... 205
signiferum (Rynchium) ... 160
Silavoga ... ... ... ... ... 190
Simaethis ... ... 26
simillimus (Grabro) ... ... ... ... 151
Simosa ... 253
sincera (Hypercallia) ... 22
sistrata (Argyroploce) ... ... 228
Sitotroga 10
smithii (Euprepes) ... ... 99
smithii (Polistes) 155
Snakes ... ... 57
I somnulentella (Bedellia) 238
88
45
36
17
233
13
234
57
9
255
142
69
70
21
99
57
88
45
156
45
57
118
45
70
242
195
195
57
57
85
226
160
16
226
74
251
251
215
183
194
205
176
181
120
120
156
137
156
200
10
spectrum (Mygnimia)
spectrum (Saisus) ...
SPHEGIDAE
Sphenophyllum ...
sphenorhynchus (SVionopeltss) 60,
Sphex ... ...
spicifera (Orneodes)
spilaspis (Philanthus) 145,
spoliatus (Odynerus)
• spilocera (Eumenes) 159,
spilocephala (Alriada) ...
Spilonota
spilopus (Androna) 186,
spinolae (PeSopoeus)
spinolae, var. rufo-pictus (Pelopoeus)
spinolae (Sceliphron)
spirifex (Pelopoeus) ...
spirifex (Sceliphron)
Spirochaeta
spissana (Polychrosis)
spodochtha (Stagmatophora)
Spoliatus (Homonotus)
squamulosa (Ichnotropis) 61, 67, 108,
Stagmatophora
stangeri (Mabuia) ... 62,
Stapelia ... ... ... •••
Stasimopus ••
Stathmopoda 21,
Stegasta
Stenodactylus
Stenoma ...
STENOMIOAE ... ... ... ... ...
Stenoptilia •
stigmatica (Pharmacis) ...
stironotum (Rhychium) ... ... ... ...
Stizus ••
Streptocephalus
Striata (BVSabuia) 56, 62, 70, 90, 94, 95, striatifrons (Passaloecus) ... ... ... ...
striatifrons (Rhogas) ... ... 196,
stupea (Wfelasitia) ...
suborbitalis (Eremias) ... ... 61, 107, subtessellatus (Cordylosaurus) ... ...
103, 105,
sulcata (Mabuia) ... ... ... 62, 90, 94, sundervalli (Lygosoma) ... ... ... ... ...
56, 62, 70, 90, 95,
symbola (Eucosma) ... ... ... ...
Symphanes
Sunagris •••
synecta (Gnorimoschema)
T
taeniobronchus (Ghamaeleon) ... ... ...
Tachytes ...
Tarbophis ...
taschenbergi (Sphex) ... 139
tegularis (Odynerus) 164
Telphusa ... ... 11
Temelucha ... 25
tempeli (Ghamaeleon) 64
TENTHREDIMIDAE 173
tephrodes (Ypsolophus) 18
tessellata (Cordylosaurus) 62
tessellata (Nucras)
56, 61, 107, 111, 112, 114
testaceicauda (Bembex) 144
testaceipes (Eukoebelea) ... 216
testaceitarsis (Perilampus) ... ... 214
testaceiventris (Apanteles) 206, 208
testaceolineatus (Apanteles) 206, 208, 209 testaceus (Holcichneumon) 175
I testaceus (Hormius) 195
Tetradactylus 40, 62, 65
tetradactylus (Tetradactylus) 62, 103, 106
Tetragonaspis ... 216, 217
tetraptila (Semodictus) 16
jdieileri (Spirochaeta) ... 55
Theileria 52, 241
tholaea (Parapsectris) ... ... ... 231
thoracica F. var. aureicollis (Dielis) 120
Thriophora 231
tigrina (Argyrotoxa) ... ... ... ... ... ... 225 tigris (Ghamaeleon) ... ... ... ... ... 64, 67
timidus (Pterophorus) ... ... ... 219
tinctor (Eumenes) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 156
Tinea 27
Ti NEE DAE ... ... ... ... ... 26, 236
Tineola ... ... ... ... 238
Tiphia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 116 T I P H 1 1 D A E ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... 116-
Tischeria ... ... 238
torquatus (Platysaurus) 31, 38, 60
TORTRIGIDAE ... ... ... ... ... ... 5, 223
Tortrix 5, 6, 223
transvaalense (Rhynchium) ... ... 162, 163 transvaalensis (Ammophila) ... ... ... 134 transvaalensis (Apanteles) ... ... 206, 208
transvaalensis (Arge) ... 174
transvaalensis (Gampoplex) ... 183
transvaalensis (Ghalcis) ... ... 214
transvaalensis (Dielis) ... ... ... ... ... 121
transvaalensis (Enieospilus) 182, 183
transvaalensis (Eurytoma) ... 215
transvaalensis (Gorytes) ... ... ... ... ... 143
transvaalensis (Ichneumon) 174
transvaalensis (Labeo) ... ... ... 251
transvaalensis (Notogonia) 131
transvaalensis (Pison) ... 152
transvaalensis (Plesia) ... 119
transvaalensis (Pleuroneurophion) ... 183 transvaalensis (Prosymna) ... ... • . 73
122
122
130
169
70
137
221
146
165
160
177
225
187.
136
136
136
136
136
55
9
19
127
115
19
99
168
75
232
12
59
24
23
4
5
161
144
253
100
151
199
239
113
106
100
100
7
212
160
12
64
.130
57
11
transvaalensis (Rhogas) 196,
transvaalensis (Sphex, Isodonta) transvaalensis (Tiphia) ... ... ... ... ... transvaalensis (Vipio) ... ... ... ... ...
transversus (Philanthus) ... ...
Tremula (Eucosma) ... ... ... ... ... ... triangulum F. var. diadema
(Philanthus)
triatomea (Elachista) ... ... ... ... ... trichiocephalus (Philanthus) ... ... ... trichionotus (Sphex, Parasphex)
trichodora (Stathmopoda) ...
Trichoptilus
Trichotaphe ... ...
tricycla (Dioccsma) ... ... ... ...
tridactylus (Scelotes) ... 63, 91, 98,
triflua (Goleophora) ...
Trigonvura ...
trilineata (PimpSomorpha)
trimaculata (Gastrotheca) ...
trimenella (Depressaria) ...
Trimerorhinus ... ...
trispinosa (Leydigia)
tritaeniatus (Trimerorhinus)
trivittata (iVSabuia) ... ... ...
56, 62, 69, 71, 89, 93, 94, trivittatus (Cordylosaurus) ... ... ...
62, 103, 105,
troglodytes (Hadogenes) ... ... ... ...
Tropidosaura 40, 61,
TRYPHONIDAE ... ... ... ... ... Trypoxylon ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... tydei (Ammophila, Psammophila) Tylognathus ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Typhlacontias ... ... ... ... 38, 63, 65, 67,
Typhlops ... ...
Typhlosaurus 38, 63, 69,
typicus (Gerrhosaurus) ... ... 62, 103,
typns (Dispholidus) ...
tvr annus (Sphex, Harpactopus)
U
umbrosus (Sphex) ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Uncochalcis ... ... ... ...
undata (Eremias) ... ... ... ... 61, 106,
undulata (Melasina) ... ... ...
¥
validus (Gerrhosaurus) 62, 103, 104,
Valoga ... ... ... ... ... ...
VARANS DAE ... ... ... ... ... ...
Varanus ... 39, 56, 57,
varia (Mabuia) ... 56, 02, 89, 93, 95,
variana (Stegasta) ... 12
varicarinatus (Rhogas) 196, 198
varinervis (Rhogas) ... ... 196, 198
varipalpis (Agenia) 127
varipalpis (Iphianlax) 193
varius (Trichoptilus) 2
variventris (Androna) ... 186
veneranda (Epscephala) 24
ventralis (Ohamaeleon) 64
verax (Marasmarcha) 219
verax (Pterophorus) 3
vermis (Typhlosaurus) 63
VESPSDAE ... ... 155
violacea (Amphisbaena) .60, 70
violaceipennis (SVlyzine) ... 118
Yipio 193, 194
vittifer (Zonurus) 31, 33, 37, 56
vivax (Trichoptilus) 1
vulgaris (Ghamaeleon) 68
W
wahlbergi (Goiopus) ... 81, 88
wahlbergi (Homopholis) 79, 82, 86
wahlbergiana ( ArgyropSoce) 9
wahlbergii (Ablepharus) ... ... ... ...
56, 62, 63, 70, 90, 95, 100
warreni (Zonorus) 33, 36, 60
weberi (Pachydactylus) ... ... 80, 83, 87
weberi (Sepsina) ... ... ... ... 63, 102
weiri (Ghondrodactylus) 78, 82, 85
wilhelmi (Platysaurys) ... 29, 30, 31, 38
X
xanthomelas (Gtenochares) ... ... ... 176
xanthoria (Encolpotis) ... ... 13
xanthura (Synagris) ... ... ... ... 160
Xenolobus ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 199
Xenopus ... ... ... 57
xeropa (Temelucha) ... ... ... ... ... ... 25 XYLORYGT1DAE ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 23
Y
Ypsolophus ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18
Z
Zamites ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 169
zestica (Tischeria) ... ... ... 238
Zethus ... 156
ZONURIDAE ... ... ... ... ... 29, 34, 35 Zonurus ... ... ... ... ... 31, 40, 56, 60, 65
zophodactyla (Stenoptilia) ... ... 4
zymotis (Telphusa) ... ... ... ... 11
zulu (Geiechia) ... ... ... ... ... ... 14
199
140
116
193
147
6
145
234
146
138
21
1
17
22
101
235
215
184
201
22
57
255
57
99
106
42
108
192
152
136
251
92
57
70
105
57
139
139
215
113
239
105
178
60
60
100
ANNALS
OF THE
TRANSVAAL MUSEUM
NOVEMBER, 1909
V
St r A 10
U
PRETORIA :
The Government Printing and Stationery Office, 593—1/2/10—500
ANNALS
OF
J’he J'ransvaal Museum.
9
Yol. II. NOVEMBER, 1909. No. 1.
DESCRIPTIONS OF TRANSVAAL MICRO=lEPIDOPTERA.
By E. Meyrick, B.A., F.R.S.
The specimens here described are mainly from Pretoria and the surrounding district, and were collected by Mr. A. J. T. Janse, except where otherwise indicated. I am greatly indebted to Mr. Janse for the opportunity of studying this interesting material. The types are all in Mr. Janse’s collection.
PTEROPHORIDAE.
Trichoptiltjs congrljalis Walk.
Pretoria, in February.
Trichoptiltjs vivax, n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 1).
Male, 15 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-brown. Palpi yellow- brownish, towards base suffused with white, second joint suffused with dark fuscous beneath a white apical ring, terminal joint dark fuscous with tip white. Antennae white, lined with black. (Abdomen broken.) Forewings cleft from somewhat before middle, segments linear ; ochreous-brownish, costal third and both segments suffused with blackish irroration ; a black dot in disk at J, followed by a small spot of white suffusion ; strong white bars on first segment at i and § of its length, and some white suffusion on second segment indicating continuation of these; some wthite scales towards apex of both segments; cilia ochreous-brown becoming dark fuscous towards tips, white towards base of cleft, on lower margin of first segment with two white bars posteriorly, second preceded by a slender black scale-projcetion, on upper margin of second segment somewhat mixed with white and black posteriorly, on dorsum with five small black scale-projections, and patches of white suffusion beyond each of these except third. Hindwings cleft firstly from J, secondly almost from base; dark fuscous; cilia grey, on dorsum with a small well-marked black scale-projection slightly beyond middle fof third segment.
Pretoria, in March; one specimen.
Annals op the Transvaal Museum.
Trichoptilus varius, n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 2).
Female, 9 mm. Head and thorax whitish irrorated with fuscous, thorax posteriorly white. Palpi white, apex of second joint fuscous. Abdomen reddish-fuscous mixed with white, towards base suffused with white. Forewings cleft from before middle, segments linear ; light reddish fuscous sprinkled with darker, somewhat whitish-tinged anteriorly; a blackish dot in disk at J, and one above cleft ; a broad band of white suffusion on first segment at J, and a narrow one at |, first continued less broadly on second segment; cilia greyish, with irregularly scattered black scales, with patches of white suffusion on first band and towards tips of segments. Hind- wings grey sprinkled with dark fuscous ; cilia grey, on dorsum with a moderate projection of black scales at f of third segment.
Pretoria, in January; one specimen.
Trichoptilus maceratus, n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 3).
Male, 12 mm. Head and thorax pale greyish-ochreous. Palpi greyish banded with white. Abdomen ochreous-grey mixed with white. Forewings cleft from before middle, segments linear;; ochreous grey ; minute black dots near base and in disk before | ;; a blackish dot above cleft ; very indistinct narrow bars of whitish suffusion on first segment at J and § of its length ; cilia oclireous- grey irregularly mixed with white scales, on lower marg'in of first segment with a large patch of black scales in middle and a small black scale-projection before apex, on upper margin of second segment with projecting black scales from before middle to near apex, on dorsum with a small projection of black and white scales before cleft, a moderate projection of blackish scales at J of segment and a small one towards apex. Hindwings cleft firstly from J, secondly from near base ; grey irrorated with dark fuscous ; cilia fuscous, on dorsum with a well-marked small triangular black scale- projection beyond middle, and one or two black scales before apex.
N.E. Pretoria District (Rietfontein No. 54), in September; one specimen.
Platyptilia molopias Meyr.
N.E. Pretoria District, in January; also Camperdown and Howick, Natal, in March and April (Leigh); and Nairobi, British East Africa, in August. African specimens are sometimes rather large, ranging up to 22 mm., but otherwise not different from Indian and Ceylon examples.
Platyptilia sabia Feld (Plate II, fig. 1).
(Mimeseoptilus sabius Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. CXL, 60.)
Male, 28 mm. Head ochreous-whitish, frontal tuft moderate.. Palpi long, fuscous, above white. Thorax whitish-ochreous.. Abdomen whitish-ochreous, with dark fuscous lateral stripe. Fore- wings cleft from before f, segments broad, first acutely pointed,, second with termen slightly sinuate, rather strongly oblique ; light brown ; a streak of darker suffusion along costa, containing a slender streak of blackish irroration with a few whitish scales from base to beyond middle ; a few black specks placed longitudinally in disk at £; a black diskal dot near before cleft; cilia pale-brownish, on termen with an interrupted blackish antemedian shade, round base4
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
3
of cleft with some black specks, on dorsum with two or three undefined groups of blackish specks. Hindwings cleft firstly from before middle, secondly from J; pale fuscous, thinly and irregularly sprinkled with dark fuscous ; cilia pale-brownish, round apex of segments with an antemedian line of dark fuscous points, on dorsum with a thick sub-basal shade of fuscous black-tipped scales from base becoming gradually thinner to §, thence little marked to apex.
Bultfontein, JsT.E. Pretoria District, in January; one specimen.
I have described this, as no proper description of the species has been published, and Felder’s figure is very coarse and poor; I have no doubt, however, of its correct identification.
Pterophorus colubratus, n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 4).
Male, 19 mm. Head fuscous, between antennae white. Palpi very short, slender, white. Thorax yellowish-wdiite. Abdomen whitish-yellowish, longitudinally streaked with white. Forewings cleft from beyond middle, segments acutely pointed, first moderate, second narrower ; white ; a faint streak of pale yellowish suffusion beneath costa from base to cleft, and a similar sub-dorsal streak from base to J, a blackish dot in disk at J, and another on base of cleft, connected by an indistinct fuscous line; some pale brownish suffusion beginning from first dot and gradually expanded so as to cover all first segment except a narrow costal streak not reaching apex, and a streak along upper margin of second segment, latter marked with a line of dark fuscous scales ; minute blackish dots on extremities of veins 2, 3, and 7 ; cilia whitish. Hindwings cleft firstly from |, secondly from 5, segments narrow; rather dark grey; cilia light ochreous-grey.
Pretoria, in March; one specimen. Yery similar to adumbratus Wals., described as an Aciptilus ( Alucita ), but doubtless also a Pterophorus ; differs by dark streak along upper margin of second segment and absence of dark spot on costa beyond cleft, besides other details.
Pterophorus verax, n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 5).
Male, 20 mm. Head pale whitish-ochreous. Palpi moderate, white, lined with dark fuscous. Thorax whitish-yellow. Abdomen white, longitudinally streaked with pale yellow, with fuscous lines on sides. Forewings cleft from before f, segments moderate, pointed, ochreous-wdiitish ; costal edge fuscous, suffused beneath with brownish, from J to cleft, the brownish colour extending more or less widely over disk ; a rather broad subdorsal streak of brownish suffusion from base to J, becoming dorsal towards base ; first segment suffused with reddish brown except a whitish streak near its lo^er margin becoming more distinct and terminal towards apex ; lower half of second segment suffused with reddish-brown ; cilia brownish with a white bar at apex of each segment. Hindwings cleft firstly from middle, secondly from before J, segments moderate ; fuscous, third segment dorsally tinged with whitish towards middle; cilia whitish-grey tinged with reddish.
Tweefontein, N.E. Pretoria District, in January; two specimens.
Pterophorus ammonias., n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 6).
Female, 18 mm. Head and thorax white mixed with reddish fuscous. Palpi rather long, white, with a reddish fuscous lateral
4
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
line. Abdomen brownisli-ochreous mixed with white, with a fine dark fuscous line on each side of back. Forewings cleft from §, segments moderate, pointed ; rather light reddish fuscous, sprinkled with darker towards apex of segments ; costa rather broadly suffused with white from about to f ; some white irroration towards apex of first segment ; a narrow white subdorsal streak from J of wing to base of second segment, thence continued along upper margin of second segment to its tip ; cilia pale red-brownish, on dorsum ochreous-wliitish anteriorly to cleft. Hindwings cleft firstly from 2/5, secondly from 1/5, segments narrow; rather dark grey; cilia rosy- grey-whitish.
Bultfontein, N.E. Pretoria District, in January; one specimen.
Pterqphortts crepuscularis, ii. sp. (Plate II, fig. 2).
Male, 21 mm. Head and thorax whitish irrorated with
fuscous. Palpi moderate, whitish, with lateral line of fuscous irroration. Abdomen ochreous-whitish irrorated with fuscous,
streaked on sides with dark fuscous. Forewings cleft from J, segments pointed, first moderately broad, second narrower ; grey, towards base with a few black specks ; a dot of black irroration in disk at | , and a patch of darker suffusion sprinkled with black before cleft ; cilia light fuscous, base whitish, on dorsum with six groups of two or three blackish scales each. Hindwings cleft firstly from f, secondly from J, segments narrow; rather dark grey; cilia grey towards base of dorsum with several scattered hair-scales with black points.
Warmberg, Zoutpansberg District, in December; one specimen.
Stenoptilia zophodactyla Dup.
Pretoria, in March; one specimen.
Agdistis malitiosa, n. sp. (Plate II, fig. 3).
Male, female, 25-27 mm. Head and thorax fuscous irrorated with whitish, forehead with very short cone. Palpi rather short, rough-scaled, fuscous mixed with white and dark fuscous. Abdomen fuscous suffused with wdiitish and sprinkled with black. Forewings with apex somewhat pointed, termen faintly sinuate beneath apex, rather strongly oblique; fuscous, irrorated with dark fuscous, slightly sprinkled with whitish on costal and dorsal areas ; a small suffused dark fuscous spot at inverted apex of triangular area, and others beneath its lower margin at § and midway between this and first ; cilia fuscous, basal half mixed alternately with whitish and dark fuscous. Hindwings fuscous, towards tornus mixed with whitish and dark fuscous ; cilia as in forewings.
Pretoria, in February, one specimen; and five others from Nairobi, British East Africa, in August.
ORNEODIDAE.
Orneodus certifica, il. sp. (Plate II, fig. 4).
Female, 10 mm. Head and thorax white. Palpi long, porrected, terminal joint minute, concealed in scales of second, white, on lower half tinged with fuscous and sprinkled with dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish. Forewings white; markings whitish fuscous, sprinkled
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
5
with dark fuscous and edged with blackish irroration ; three small semi-oval spots on anterior half of costa ; a moderately broad straight fascia beyond middle, suddenly contracted to a narrow spot on first segment ; a small quadrate spot on first segment at J ; a rather narrow straight subterminal fascia ; a black dot at apex of each segment ; cilia white, on fasciae tinged with fuscous. Hindwings white; post- median and subterminal fasciae faintly tinged wdth fuscous and edged with fuscous irroration on first five segments, obsolete on sixth, first moderately broad, second narrow, broader on first segment; apical dots and cilia as in forewings.
Warmberg, Zoutpansberg District, in March; one specimen.
Macrembola fortis Wals.
Pretoria, in January; one specimen. The genus Macrembola is characterized by the forewings cleft only to middle, and very long palpi.
PHALONIADAE.
Pharmacis stigmatica Meyr.
Pretoria, in January and March.
Pharmacis assecula, n. sp. (Plate II, fig. 5).
Female, 18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax deep yellow. Abdomen pale grey. Forewings elongate, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, oblique; deep yellow, strewn with small silvery-glistening paler spots ; a suffused deep ferruginous- brown streak along costa from base to 5 , and extreme costal edge beyond this spotted with dark fuscous irroration ; an elongate deep ferruginous-brown spot beneath disk before middle, and some slight ferruginous suffusion extending from this to tornus, the silvery spots in or adjacent to these partially edged or marked with purplish fuscous ; some dark fuscous scales about transverse vein ; a ferruginous-browm line along lower § of termen, interrupted with silvery; cilia light ferruginous, towards base tinged with whitish. Hindwings light grey, extreme apex whitish ; cilia yellow- whitish, with a sub-basal line of dark grey points.
Pretoria, in December; one specimen.
TORTEICIDAE.
Epichorista Meyr.
*
This genus, described in a paper now in process of publication in the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, is distinguished from Tortrix by the separation of veins 3 and 4 of hindwings ; veins 6 and 7 of hindwings are sometimes stalked. Type E. liemionana, from New Zealand.
Epichorista geraeas, n. sp. (Plate II, fig. 6).
Male, 19 mm. ; female, 23 nun. Head, palpi, and anterior margin of thorax grey irrorated with blackish and whitish, rest of thorax light ochreous-yellowish. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa hardly arched, in male without fold ; apex tolerably pointed, termen faintly sinuate, very oblique ; light
6
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
ochreous-yellowdsh ; cilia concolorous. Hindwings with 6 and 7 stalked; dark grey; cilia whitish-yellowish, with grey sub-basal shade.
Pretoria, in October and November; two specimens. Epichorista iocoma Meyr.
This species, described as a Tortrix , is correctly referred here. Epichorista ionephela Meyr.
Pretoria District, in December ; one large male, 22mm. Described as a Proselena , in which genus Epichorista has hitherto been included.
Tortrix pfiaretrata, n. sp. (Plate II, fig. 7).
Female, 17 mm. Head whitish-ochreous, tinged on crown with light browmish. Palpi whitish-ochreous, slightly browmish tinged towards middle. Thorax light ochreous-yellowish. Abdomen whitish-grey. Eorewings elongate, costa gently arched near base, thence straight, apex round-pointed, termen slightly sinuate, rather strongly oblique ; light ochreous-yellowish ; costa slenderly white from base to § ; a short sub-costal streak of ferruginous suffusion from base ; veins in disk and posteriorly slightly indicated by scattered ferruginous-brownish and dark fuscous scales, especially vein 8 and anterior half of 7 ; a brown dot mixed with dark fuscous on lower angle of cell ; cilia pale ochreous-yellowish, between apex and tornus suffused with light ferruginous. Hindwings pale grey; cilia grey- whitish.
Pretoria, in December; one specimen.
EUCOSMIDAE.
Ancylis halisparta, n. sp. (Plate II, fig. 8).
Female, 16 mm. Head grey- whitish, face suffused with brownish-ochreous. Palpi whitish-grey with two grey bands. Thorax brownish-ochreous, patagia grey irrorated with whitish. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex falcate ; ochreous-grey finely irrorated with wdiite and sprinkled with dark fuscous ; costa shortly strigulated with white and blackish ; a broad streak beneath costa from base to | suffused with white, marked with fine dark lines on veins, and somewhat mixed with fuscous posteriorly ; some black scales tending to form longitudinal streaks on veins in disk, especially on submedian fold ; apical projec- tion dark, edged anteriorly by a blackish mark ; dorsum somewhat marked with blackish ; cilia white on termen, towards tornus mixed with grey. Hindwings with 3 and 4 stalked ; fuscous darker posteriorly; cilia grey- whitish with grey sub-basal shade.
Warmberg, Zoutpansberg District, in December; one specimen.
Eucosma tremula, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 1).
Female, 10 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey irrorated with whitish. Abdomen light grey. Eorewings elongate, rather narrow, somewhat dilated posteriorly, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen straight, oblique; grey, with tips of all scales whitish, appearing finely striated ; costa marked with short fine blackish strigulae; basal patch ochreous-tinged, limited by an angulated
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
7
fascia of ochreous suffusion ; central fascia moderate, oblique, ochreous, very narrow on costa, posterior margin angularly indented below middle ; ocellus narrow, ochreous, margined laterally by two silvery streaks, and containing two round black dots ; apical area beyond this ochreous, containing a transverse silvery mark before apex, margined with a few black scales ; cilia grey mixed with white, basal third sprinkled with black points. Hindwings with 3 and 4 stalked; light grey; cilia grey-whitish.
Pretoria, in October; one specimen.
Eucosma monitrix, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 2).
Male, 12 mm. Head grey, collar grey- whitish, forehead black. Palpi white. Thorax pale ochreous, anterior third dark fuscous, behind middle with a grey- whitish band. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa slightly arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen oblique, slightly retuse above middle ; dark fuscous, towards dorsum and posteriorly with tips of scales pale yellowish, forming fine striae ; basal patch marked by three leaden striae partially edged with whitish ; central fascia formed by two thick oblique blue-leaden striae rising from pairs of small whitish costal strigulae, becoming broader and confluent below middle, suddenly reduced to small spots on dorsum ; a thick silvery metallic erect streak from tornus reaching half across wing, edged anteriorly with a white line and posteriorly by an irregular white streak containing three or four variable black dots ; three small whitish costal strigulae beyond middle, central one sending a blue- leaden oblique striga to apex of tornal streak; three more conspicuous white costal strigulae about f, whence a blue-leaden striga runs to near termen beneath apex ; cilia grey mixed with -white, especially towards tornus, round apex and upper part of termen pale ochreous with a thick dark grey sub-basal line and tips blackish. Hindwings with 3 and 4 stalked ; light grey, thinly scaled towards base, termen suffused with dark fuscous, more broadly towards apex ; cilia grey- whitish, with grey sub-basal shade.
Pretoria, in October; one specimen.
Eucosma insolens Meyr.
Pretoria, in December ; one specimen.
Eucosma symbola, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 3).
Male, 12 mm. Head and thorax dark fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa slightly arched, with short fold, apex obtuse, termen sinuate, somewhat oblique ; dark fuscous ; costa between J and apex, wuth five pairs of whitish strigulae, and two single ones ; and irregular acute triangular whitish blotch on dorsum beyond middle, reaching more than half across wing, containing two or three dark fuscous marks ; two oblique purplish-leaden strigae from first two pairs of costal strigulae to above apex of this blotch ; beyond an irregular zigzag line from beyond middle of costa to before tornus, the ground colour of posterior area is fulvous, with blackish costal strigulae between the others, crossed by two angulated bluish-leaden striae, from third and fifth pairs of strigulae, with a blackish parallel mark between them above middle,
8
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
and two or tliree short black dashes or dots in ocellus ; cilia leaden- grey, with a blackish basal line. Hindwings with four absent ; grey cilia pale grey with darker sub-basal shade.
Van der Merwe Station, Pretoria District, in December; one specimen.
Eucosma isogramma Meyr.
Pretoria, in November and May; three specimens.
Eucosma calliarma, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 5).
Male, 14 mm. ; female, 16 mm. Plead white. Palpi white, with two fuscous spots. Thorax white with a blackish mark on each shoulder, and four small blackish spots posteriorly. Abdomen grey.. Forewings elongate, somewhat dilated posteriorly, costa slightly arched in' male without fold, apex obtuse, termen sinuate, oblique;; white ; costa with small spots and strigulae of black and ferruginous ; basal patch mixed with ferruginous, grey, and black, including a white dorsal spot, outer edge oblique, obtusely angulated in middle;; central fascia beyond middle, rather narrow, oblique, irregular, ferrugineous-ochreous edged with grey anteriorly and towards costa posteriorly, attenuated or somewhat interrupted above middle, with some black scales in middle ; ocellus edged laterally with pale leaden- grey and containing two black marks, posterior margin continued as a sinuate stria to costa and preceded by two or three other black marks ; apical space and terminal streak beyond this ferruginous,, including two short white costal strigulae ; cilia grey mixed with whitish, basal third bluish-shining, above apex with blackish sub- basal line. Hindwings 3 and 4 stalked; grey; cilia grey -whitish,, with g'rey sub-basal line.
Pretoria; Camperdown, Natal (Leigh); in March, two specimens.
Eucosma marmara, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 6).
Male, 11-12 mm. Head and palpi whitish, sometimes partially tinged with pale grey. Thorax whitish, variably spotted with oclireous and fuscous. Abdomen light g'rey, anal tuft whitish.. Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa gently arched without fold, apex obtuse, termen almost straight, oblique; ochreous- white ; basal patch covering more than J of wing, irregularly striated with fulvous and grey, and more or less marked with black, outer edge irregular, prominent below middle; space between basal patch and central fascia more or less strigulated with fulvous and grey on upper half but forming a clear white blotch on lower half, marked with one or two dark grey strigulae on dorsum ; mixed with leaden- grey on upper half and marked with black towards dorsum ; posterior area with irregular thick alternate leaden-grey and fulvous striae, with two or three short black marks in ocellus and some irregular black marking above this ; cilia whitish with a blackish sub-basal line, outer half pale fulvous spotted with grey. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate or short-stalked ; grey, paler towards base ; cilia grey- whitish with dark grey sub-basal shade.
Pretoria, from November to January; three specimens.,
Bactra siccella Walk.
Pretoria District, in January and February..
Totals of the Teansvaal Museum,
9
Bactea pythonia, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 7).
Female 13-15 mm. Head ochreous- whitish. Palpi 2j, densely haired, ochreous-wliitish, partially tinged with grey. Thorax ochreous- whitish, with some dark fuscous strigulae. Abdomen light- grey. Forewings elongate, somewhat dilated posteriorly, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen straight, oblique ; light greyish-ochreous, costa and dorsum strigulated with blackish and whitish irroration, outer edge sometimes tolerably defined, angulated in middle ; space between basal patch and central fascia more or less suffused with whitish and strigulated with dark grey ; central fascia darker, very undefined, oblique, narrow, posterior edge with acute prominences above and below middle, sprinkled with dark grey or blackish in disk; a large rounded patch of white suffusion following this in disk; some short black lines on veins towards termen, two in ocellus especially distinct, followed by a transverse leaden mark ; more or less grey irroration towards termen ; cilia greyish-ochreous irrorated with white and some blackish points. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish- grey, with darker sub-basal shade.
Pretoria, in December and January; two specimens.
jP OLYCHEO SIS SPISSANA Z.
Pretoria District, in January.
Polycheosis peimaeia, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 8).
Female, 14 mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen straight, somewhat oblique ; fuscous ; costa with about ten pairs of short whitish strigulae, separated by darker spots; basal patch mixed with dark fuscous, outer edge ill-defined, angulated in middle, indented near dorsum ; central fascia narrow, oblique, dark fuscous, anteriorly suffused, posterior edge well defined, very irregular; several obscure oblique leaden strigae from posterior half of costa ; ocellus margined by two thick leaden-metallic marks, containing three large black dots touching posterior margin ; cilia leaden-fuscous. Hindwings fuscous, darker posteriorly; cilia light fuscous, with dark fuscous sub-basal line.
Tweefontein, Pretoria District, in January; one specimen.
Aegyeoploce wahlbeegiana Z.
Pretoria, in January. I do not maintain Eccopsis Z. as a distinct genus.
• *
Aegyeoploce beevibasana Wals.
Pretoria, in November; three specimens showing some variability.
Laspeyeesia halmyeis, n. sp. (Plate III, fig. 9).
Male, 12 mm. Head and thorax light fuscous irrorated with whitish. Palpi fuscous-whitish. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly sinuate, little oblique ; fuscous, in disk and towards dorsum suffusedly striated with white, posteriorly irrorated with white ; costa dark fuscous, marked with ten pairs of white strigulae, third to eighth pairs emitting oblique blue-leaden strigae, third, fifth, and seventh interspaces prolonged into oblique dark
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fuscous strigae ; ocellus margined laterally with leaden-metallic and containing three black dots ; cilia light grey irrorated with white, with dark fuscous sub-basal line. Hindwings with dorsal cilia thickened and somewhat curled; grey, darker posteriorly; cilia whitish-grey, with dark grey sub-basal line.
Pretoria, in October; one specimen.
GELECHIADAE.
Paltodora melanatracta Meyr.
Pretoria, in October ; one specimen.
Paltodora operosa, n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 1).
Male, 18-22 mm. Head whitish-ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Palpi ochreous-whitish, second joint irrorated with dark fuscous, terminal joint with anterior edge dark fuscous. Thorax brownish irrorated with dark fuscous and whitish. Abdomen greyish irrorated with darker, apex whitish. Forewings elongate, very narrow, long- pointed, acute, termen slightly sinuate beneath apex ; brown, irrorated on margins and veins with dark fuscous and whitish, but this irroration sometimes extends over most of wing, except longi- tudinal streaks in disk and along fold, sometimes tinged with yellowish ; stigmata represented by small suffused dark fuscous spots, plical very obliquely before first diskal ; similar spots near base in middle, beneath costa at J and J, and on fold between these ; cilia brownish with two dark fuscous shades, towards base mixed with whitish and dark fuscous. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous dinged with grey.
Pretoria, in December and March; two specimens.
Paltodora iospila, n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 2).
Male, 16 mm. Head white. Palpi white, second joint externally ferruginous sprinkled with dark grey except apex, with short triangular tuft, terminal joint sprinkled with grey anteriorly. Thorax whitish partially tinged with ferruginous. Abdomen grey, sides dark grey posteriorly. Forewings elongate, very narrow, costa hardly arched, apex acute, termen faintly sinuate, extremely oblique ; whitish tinged with ferruginous ; ferruginous spots on costa at base and J, former connected beneath with a fuscous transverse mark ; two small ferruginous spots beneath fold rather obliquely beyond these respectively ; costa suffused with grey irroration from \ to § ; a small ferruginous spot beneath costa at J ; stigmata represented by small ferruginous spots, plical very obliquely before first diskal ; a suffused grey streak sprinkled with dark grey along fold beneath diskal stigmata ; a fascia of ferruginous suffusion along termen, preceded by some grey suffusion ; cilia whitish, basal half sprinkled with blackish-grey. Hindwings pale grey ; cilia pale whitish-ochreous finged with ferruginous.
Albert Mine, Pretoria District, in January; one specimen.
Sxtotroga celyphodes, n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 3).
Female, 12-13 mm. Head white. Palpi white, lower half of second joint fuscous. Thorax white, shoulders brownish. Abdomen whitish. Forewings narrow, costa hardly arched, apex pointed,
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termen extremely obliquely rounded ; white ; plical and second diskal stigmata blackish ; some ferruginous-brownish suffusion forming undefined patches above plical stigma and on costa at f, and an undefined fascia just before termen throughout, touching second diskal stigma beneath ; cilia whitish. Hindwings with 4 and 5 approximated towards base; whitish; cilia yellow- whitish.
Yan der Merwe Station, Pretoria District, in December and .February; two specimens.
Anacampsis nerteria Meyr.
Pretoria, in May; one specimen. Common in India and Ceylon; the larva feeds on the ground nut ( Aracliis hypogaea).
Telphusa probata, n. sp. (Plate XV, fig. 4).
Male, female, 11-12 mm. Head and thorax blackish sprinkled with whitish. Palpi w'hite, second and terminal joints each with base and two bands black. Antennae blackish. Abdomen grey. Fore- wings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex round-pointed, Xermen extremely obliquely rounded ; dark fuscous ; a broad direct white fascia before middle, posterior edge rather convex, followed by two small indistinct blackish spots surrounded by brown, perhaps representing first diskal and plical stigmata ; second diskal stigma represented by a similar spot with an additional spot beneath it ; some brown suffusion and slight whitish sprinkling towards apex ; cilia fuscous, round apex sprinkled with blackish and whitish. Hindwings grey; cilia light grey tinged with ochreous.
Pretoria, in November; two specimens.
Telphusa lathridia, n. sp. (Plate XY, figs. 5-6).
Male, female, X4-X6 mm. Head and thorax fuscous mixed with blackish, finely whitish-sprinkled. Palpi fuscous mixed with blackish, indistinctly banded with whitish irroration. Antennal ciliations in male, one. Abdomen in male pale whitish-ochreous, in female grey with some ochreous suffusion on segment 2. Fore wings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex acute, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; dark fuscous, tips of scales finely whitish, more or less sprinkled with blackish ; in one specimen two ochreous dots near base ; a more or less marked irregular oblique transverse blackish streak about J, in male obsolete, in female sometimes posteriorly edged with whitish-ochreous suffusion on upper half, towards dorsum forming an irregular ridge of raised scales ; stigmata raised, blackish, in female more or less edged with pale brownish-ochreous, plical beneath first diskal, an additional dot beneath second diskal; in one -female some indistinct pale ochreous suffusion towards costa at § ; cilia fuscous finely sprinkled with whitish, towards base mixed with dark fuscous. Hindwings grey, paler towards base, especially in male ; cilia light greyish.
Pretoria, in September and February; three specimens (one male, Xwo females).
Telphusa zymotis, n. sp. (Plate IY, fig. T).
X^emale, X5 mm. Head and thorax fuscous mixed with ferruginous-brownish and whitish-ochreous. Palpi whitish-ochreous irrorated with blackish, terminal joint shorter than second. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed,
12_ Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
termen extremely obliquely rounded ; fuscous irregularly mixed with ferruginous-brownish and sprinkled with dark fuscous ; a blackish mark beneath base of costa, and one on fold towards base, each followed by longitudinal white-ochreous suffusion, latter streak extending to second diskal ; suffused white-ochreous oblique costal and dorsal opposite marks about f , not meeting ; cilia light fuscous ; towards base sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hind wings grey; cilia light grey.
W armberg, Zoutpansberg District, in October and December; two specimens.
Gelechia mesacta, n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 8).
Male, 16 mm. Head pale reddish-oclireous. Palpi dark fuscous sprinkled with blackish, apex of second and base of terminal joint wliitisli-ochreous. Antennae dark fuscous. Thorax pale reddish- ochreous, patagia dark fuscous. Abdomen ochreous-whitish, three basal segments light yellow. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; dark fuscous, suffused with reddish-brown towards dorsum ; a short streak of blackish suffusion on base of dorsum ; a blackish streak along fold from near base to beyond J ; diskal stigmata rather approximated, blackish, connected by red brownish suffusion, beneath which adjacent to each is an additional less defined group of blackish scales ; a narrow undefined slightly angulated red-brownish fascia about f ; cilia grey, on basal half suffused with pale rosy and mixed with dark fuscous. Hindwings and cilia light grey.
Pretoria, in October; one specimen.
Gelechia peronectis, n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 9).
Male, 26 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish sprinkled with grey, shoulders suffused with dark fuscous. Palpi whitish, second joint rosy-tinged, basal and apical thirds of second and terminal joints suffused with dark fuscous irroration, terminal joint longer than second. Antennae dark grey, ciliations nearly one. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa hardly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen straight, rather strongly oblique ; fuscous sprinkled with dark fuscous and towards dorsum with whitish ;: some black and whitish scales on vein 12 ; a thick black medium longitudinal streak from base to end of cell, obliquely interrupted before middle of wing, both sections edged posteriorly with white ; streaks of blackish scales on veins 5 and 6, and some scattered blackish scales on other veins posteriorly ; cilia light fuscous sprinkled with darker. Hindwings grey; cilia light fuscous.
Eersteling, Zoutpansberg District, in September; one specimen.
Stegasta variana Meyr.
Pretoria, in January and February; occurs in India and Australia.
Gnorimoschema synecta, n. sp. (Plate IV, fig. 10).
Male, female, 10-11 mm. Head white tinged with ochreous. Palpi whitish, second and terminal joints each with two wings of black irroration. Thorax whitish-ochreous, shoulders irrorated with dark fuscous. Abdomen grey- whitish. Forewings narrow, long-
pointed, acute ; 7 and 8 out of 6 in male fuscous irrorated with
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dark fuscous, in female whitish-ochreous irrorated with blackish ; pale ochreous spots beneath costa at J and J, between which are traces of an oblique bar of somewhat darker suffusion ; base of dorsum whitish-ochreous and some ochreous markings about fold towards base; stigmata dark fuscous surrounded with rather deep ochreous, plical rather obliquely before first diskal, second diskal somewhat below middle ; whitish-ochreous spots on tornus and costa opposite ; cilia pale whitish-ochreous sprinkled with black points. Hindwings pale grey; cilia pale whitish-ochreous.
Pretoria, in August and October; twT> specimens. Yery close to two Australian species, pyrrhanthes and bucolica , and intermediate between them, but differs from both by the stalking of 6 with 7 and 8 in forewings. Notwithstanding this structural distinction, the relationship is undoubtedly real and intimate.
Paristhmia, n.g.
Head with appressed scales; ocelli small; tongue developed. Antennae 5, in male shortly ciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint thickened with dense appressed scales, terminal joint as long as second, slender, acute. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 2 and 3 stalked, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to apex, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, trapezoidal, apex pointed, termen sinuate, oblique, cilia 1 ; 2 and 3 stalked from much before angle, 4 from angle, 5 somewhat approxi- mated at base, 6 and 7 stalked.
Allied to Braclimia, from which it differs by the peculiar structure of veins 2 and 3 of hindwings ; this may perhaps be modified in female.
Paristhmia barathrodes, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 1).
Male, 12 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous, face and sternum dark fuscous. Palpi whitish-ochreous, second joint dark fuscous except apex. Abdomen light grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen abliquely rounded ; whitish-ochreous tinged with brownish ; a black dot on base of costa and one on fold before J ; an oblong transverse blackish blotch in disk before middle representing plical and first diskal stigmata ; second diskal stigma black ; an undefined fascia of light fuscous suffusion just beyond this, extremities blackish; three or four undefined fuscous dots on termen ; cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings with a furrow beneath cell and vein 2 containing a grey hairpencil ; grey; cilia light grey, base ochreous-tinged.
Pretoria, in January; one specimen.
Encolpotis xanthoria Meyr.
Pretoria, in February and April.
Brachmia maculata Wals.
(Lecithocera maculata Wals. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1881, p. 276, pi. xi, fig. 18.)
One male; antennae i (therefore not a Lecithocerai, thick, pale nchreous-yellowish ; forewings with 8 and 9 out of 7, 7 to apex; dark
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purplish-fuscous ; stigmata whitish-ochreous surrounded with black,, plical beneath first diskal, both small, second diskal large. Hind- wings grey.
Pretoria District, in January.
Braciimxa lamprostoma Z.
(G-elechia zulu Wals. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lon‘d. 1881, p. 261, pi. xii, fig. 30.)
Afterwards identified by Lord Walsingham with lamprostoma Z., and referred to the genus Anacampsis ; it is, however, certainly a Bvachmia, having 2 and 3 of forewings stalked, and 7 and 8 stalked, 7 running to apex. It varies very much in development of white and ferruginous-brown markings ; one male has crown of head fuscous, forewings with median fascia not reaching costa, and no white scales on termen ; another has much more ferruginous-brown suffusion anteriorly,' diskal stigma large, white-edged.
Pretoria, in March.
Brachmia malacogramma, n. sp. (Plate V., fig. 2).
Female, 14 mm. Head and thorax yellow-whitish, patagia brownish-tinged. Palpi yellowish-white, basal fuscous tinged. Antennae fuscous, beneath whitish. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Eorewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse,, termen obliquely rounded ; 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to apex ; whitish- yellowish ; a rather broad brownish median stripe from base to apex, darker brown towards apex, including traces of a pale line on internal vein, and a more distinct one on vein 6 ; undefined narrow brownish streaks between veins towards costa and posteriorly; stigmata blackish, first diskal minute, indistinctly whitish-ringed, second diskal whitish- edged posteriorly, plical larger, obliquely before first diskal ; a suffused brownish spot beneath second diskal, touching median stripe : cilia wdiitish-yellowish, basal half faintly barred with pale brownish. Hindwings pale whitish-grey tinged with ochreous ; cilia pale whitish- ochreous.
Pretoria, in January; one specimen. Allied to the Indian arotraea.
Polyhymno pausimacha, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 3).
Female, 15 mm. Head pale shining grey, sides of crown whitish. Palpi dark fuscous, posteriorly white. Antennae dark fuscous. Thorax dark fuscous, patagia white except shoulders. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa hardly arched, apex falcate,, acute, termen oblique ; dark purplish-fuscous mixed with blackish ; a rather broad white median streak from base, broadly interrupted about middle, posterior extremity attenuated, not reaching termen ; beneath the posterior segment are a cloudy white streak on fold to* tornus, and an irregular cloudy white streak between these mixed with fuscous in middle and extending upwards to beyond apex of median streak ; a slender white oblique streak above apex of median a silvery-metallic acutely angmlated line from § of costa to tornus, passing round these; a brownish-ochreous streak running from near costa immediately beyond this to apex ; three white oblique wedge- shaped marks on costa towards apex ; a whitish terminal line not reaching apex or tornus ; cilia grey, on costa dark fuscous with
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
15*
oblique white marks, oil central portion of termen with a patch of wdiite suffusion towards base containing' three black dots. Hindwings grey, darker posteriorly; cilia light greyish tinged with ochreous.
Lekkerwater (Rietfontein No. TO), Zoutpansberg District, in September; one specimen.
Polyhymno palinorsa, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 4).
Male, 13 mm. Head white. Palpi white, second joint with a fuscous lateral line except at apex, terminal joint with anterior edge dark fuscous. Antennae dark fuscous, towards base white above. Thorax white with four dark fuscous stripes. Abdomen grey, sides and apex whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex falcate, acute, termen very oblique ; dark fuscous ; a moderate white median longitudinal streak from base to termen, becoming linear posteriorly ; a fine white line immediately beneath costa from near base to middle, thence running obliquely into median streak near termen ; a white sub-dorsal line from near base almost to tornus ; a white line along submedian fold posteriorly almost rising out of median streak ; a wdiite somewhat upwards- oblique streak lying between posterior half of this and median streak ; an oblique white line from costa about § to apex of median streak, extremity greyish ; a pale ochreous-yellowish streak running from above posterior portion of this to apex ; cilia grey, on costa white with several irregular dark fuscous bars, at apex with a dark fuscous bar, on upper part of termen with a patch of whitish suffusion containing a dark fuscous basal line and a black dot beyond this at each extremity. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-grey tinged with ochreous.
Pretoria, in December; one specimen.
Polyhymno paracma, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 5).
Female, 13-14 mm. Head white. Palpi white, anterior edge of terminal joint dark fuscous. Antennae grey, towards base white. Thorax wrhite with three ochreous-fuscous stripes. Abdomen grey, segmental margins whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex falcate, acute, termen very oblique; ochreous-fuscous; a broad shining white sharply-defined median streak from base to beyond apex acute, lowTer marg'in prominent beyond middle of wing and sending a fine branch along fold almost to tornus ; a narrow shining, white sub-dorsal streak from base to tornus ; a whitish line along costa from about J to middle, thence obliquely to above apex of median streak ; an oblique wdiite striga from costa about f to near termen, apex leaden-grey; a suffused leaden-grey mark along upper part of termen ; cilia grey, on costa white, with several irregular oblique dark fuscous bars, round apex mixed with blackish, on middle of termen with a basal patch of white suffusion, above which is a short black basal line. Hindwings grey ; cilia light grey.
Pretoria, in November and December; two specimens.
Polyhymno eurydoxa, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 6).
Male, 13 mm. Head ochreous-white, crowm more ochreous- tinged. Palpi white, anterior edge of terminal joint dark fuscous. Antennae grey. Thorax pale shining whitish-ochreous, patagia
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white. (Abdomen broken.) Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex very long-produced, acute-falcate, termen oblique; dark fuscous; a. broad shining white stripe covering median third from base to near termen, sharply defined above, beneath suffused into a pale yellow-brownish stripe which covers dorsal third extreme edge ; a fine suffused wdiitish-ochreous streak along costa from \ to |, sending a branch from middle to above apex of median stripe; an oblique dark fuscous line splitting apex of median stripe; five white wxedge-shaped marks on posterior third of costa, partly in cilia, first two more oblique and slender, first terminating in a short fine metallic mark ; apical area beneath these suffused with ferruginous-yellowish, which extends also along terminal area, except a leaden-metallic terminal streak ; cilia grey, on termen whitish with a dark fuscous sub-basal line and three black dots beyond it, beneath apex with two blackish hooks, on costa with dark fuscous bars between wdiite marks. Hindwings grey; cilia grey, round apex suffused with ochreous- whitish except towards base.
Bultfontein, Pretoria District, in January; two specimens.
Semodictis, n. g.
Head with appressed scales ; ocelli present ; tongue developed. Antennae f, in male simple, basal joint elongate, without pecten. Labial palpi very long, recurved, second joint with double or single projecting tuft beneath, terminal joint longer than second, acute, with two scale-projections posteriorly. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings with 2 from towards angle, 6 to apex, 7 and 8 stalked, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-trapezoidal apex obtuse, termen oblique, not sinuate, cilia almost 1 ; 3 and 4 approximated at base, 5 rather approximated, 6 and 7 stalked.
Type S. tetraptila. To this genus is also referable Chelaria albogrisea Wals.
Semodictis tetraptila, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 7).
Male, female, 16-17 mm. Head and thorax pale grey mixed with whitish. Palpi grey irregularly mixed with dark grey and whitish, second joint with two separate tufts. Abdomen grey, suffused with ochreous-whitish towards base. Forewings elongate, narrow, widest at J, thence gradually narrowed, costa with scales rather prominent beyond middle, apex rounded, termen very obliquely rounded ; light grey mixed with wdiitish, with some scattered blackish scales ; several small blackish-grey spots on basal fourth ; a blackish- grey trapezoidal blotch in disk before middle, broadest beneath, preceded by some brownish suffusion ; an irregular dark fuscous spot extending along costa from J to middle almost confluent with this ; apical f of wing irregularly marked with grey, suffusedly mixed with blackish, with a more defined dark spot on costa at and a black mark at apex; cilia light greyish, irrorated with whitish, towards base indistinctly barred with blackish irroration. Hindwings grey, paler towards base; cilia light greyish.
Kranspoort, Pretoria District, in December ; two specimens.
Hothris rhyodes, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 8).
Male, 17 mm. Head and thorax white, shoulders suffused with fuscous. Palpi white, second joint with very long dense triangular
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tuft, externally fuscous except along apex, terminal joint with anterior edge dark fuscous. Antennae dark fuscous. Abdomen grey- whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex round-pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; light fuscous, suffusedly mixed throughout with whitish ; veins in disk and two or three towards costa posteriorly partially indicated by series of scattered blackish scales ; similar series along termen and posterior part of costa; cilia ochreous-whitish, sprinkled with fuscous towards base. Hindwings light grey; cilia ochreous-whitish tinged with grey towards base.
Rietfontein No. 57, Pretoria District, in September; one specimen.
Notheis (P) pycnodes, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 9).
Male, 21-22 mm. Head and thorax wdiitish-ochreous tinged with brownish, beneath wings with patches of flat expansible scales. Palpi whitish-ochreous irregularly mixed and suffused with fuscous, second joint with moderate rough rounded tuft beneath, terminal joint thickened with scales except on apex. Abdomen whitish- ochreous suffused with fuscous. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex rounded, termen obliquely rounded ; fuscous ; an indistinct blackish dot beneath costa near base, stigmata blackish, partially edged with light greyish-ochreous, plical larger, obliquely before first diskal ; costa somewhat suffused with pale greyish-ochreous towards middle ; a suffused pale greyish-ochreous spot on costa about f, with faint traces of a curved transverse line rising from it; cilia light greyish-ochreous suffused with fuscous. Hindwings grey, becoming paler and tinged with whitish-ochreous towards base ; cilia pale whitish-ochreous, with light fuscous sub- basal shade.
Pretoria District, in January; two specimens. The thickening of terminal joint of palpi is an unusual character in the genus.
Teichotaphe claviculata, n. sp. (Plate Y, fig. 10).
Female, 16 mm. Head and thorax fuscous-grey, face whitish- fuscous. Palpi dark fuscous, second joint with dense expanded scales towards apex above and beneath, extreme apex whitish, terminal joint longer than second, whitish except anterior edge. Abdomen light fuscous. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, rather strongly oblique; glossy fuscous-grey, sprinkled with black, especially towards margins ; costal edge whitish-ochreous on anterior half, with a black basal dot ; a slightly curved slender black bar in disk at \ representing plical and first diskal stigmata ; a very small whitish-ochreous spot on costa at | ; cilia light grey. Hindwings grey ; cilia light grey.
Pretoria; one specimen bred in July. [Only one caterpillar of 1 in. long, very thin, and of a green colour, was found feeding on the leaves of Combretum (A. J. T. J.)]
Teichotaphe ieonica, n. sp. (Plate YI, fig. 1).
Male, 15 mm. Head and thorax rather dark fuscous, sides of crown whitish-ochreous. Palpi dark, fuscous, second joint much thickened with appressed scales, above with expansible scales towards apex, apex _ ochreous-whitish, terminal joint longer than second, ochreous-whitish towards base. Antennae dark fuscous. Abdomen
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grey. Forewings sub-oblong, rather narrow, costa gently arched,, apex obtuse, termen rather obliquely rounded ; dark purplish-fuscous ; stigmata cloudy, blackish, plical beneath first diskal, a similar less distinct spot midway between first diskal and base ; a cloudy pale ochreous dot on costa at § ; some blackish lunate marks on termen ; cilia fuscous, wfith basal spots of pale ochreous suffusion on these marks. Hindwings rather dark grey; cilia whitish-grey, with grey sub-basal shade.
Warmberg, Zoutpansberg District, in December : one specimen.. Ypsolophus tephrodes, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 2).
Female, 17 mm. Head dark grey sprinkled with whitish. Palpi dark fuscous, scale of second joint expanded above and in a triangular apical tuft beneath, irrorated with white along apex, terminal joint white posteriorly. Thorax ochreous-brownish, centrally suffused with grey. Abdomen rather dark grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; ochreous-brownish, more ochreous towards costa anteriorly; costal edge blackish towards base ; stigmata moderate, dark fuscous, diskal approximated, plical obliquely before first diskal ; posterior portion of wing slightly infuscated, with an indistinct curved transverse shade of ground colour about J ; cilia ochreous-brownish. Hind- wings rather dark grey ; cilia grey.
Warmberg, Zoutpansberg District, in March; one specimen.
COSMOPTERYGIDAE.
Cosmopteryx oxyglossa, ii. sp. (Plate YI, fig. 3).
Male, 10 mm. Head blackish, crown with white central and lateral lines. Palpi white, lined with black. Antennae dark grey ringed with whitish (imperfect). Thorax black with three white lines. Abdomen light bronzy-ochreous. Forewings narrowly lanceolate,, apex very slenderly long-produced, caudate ; blackish ; a white sub- costal streak from base to near J ; a short white median line beneath extremity of this ; a white sub-dorsal line starting at \ and running into an acute orange median projection of band ; a broad orange band hardly beyond middle, anterior edge marked with two golden-metallic spots, upper followed by two or three black scales, lowTer somewhat posterior, posterior edge also marked with two golden-metallic opposite spots preceded by a few black scales, between which is a short orange projection, whence a sinuate white line proceeds along termen to apex; cilia dark grey. Hindwings and cilia grey.
Pretoria, in December; one specimen.
Cosmopteryx scaligera, n. sp. (Plate YI, fig. 4).
Male, 14 mm. Head dark fuscous, crown with white central and lateral lines, face whitish-bronzy. Palpi white, lined with black. Antennae with basal half white lined with black, apical three joints whitish, then four dark fuscous, one white, one dark fuscous, rest white with dark fuscous apical rings. Thorax dark fuscous with three white! lines. (Abdomen broken.) Forewings narrowly lanceolate, apex very slenderly long-produced, caudate ; dark fuscous ; costal edge white from l to band ; fine white sub-costal, median, and sub-dorsal lines all reaching from base to band; tips pale yellowish; a moderate pale ochreous-yellow median band,, narroweff
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towards dorsum, anterior edge marked with two pale golden-metallic spots, upper followed by a large black dot, lower markedly posterior, posteriorly edged by a pale golden-metallic entire streak, beyond which a streak at first pale yellow and broad but soon becoming narrow and white extends along termen to apex; cilia pale grey tinged with ochreous, on costa white. Hindwdngs light grey; cilia pale grey tinged with ochreous.
Kranspoort, Pretoria District, in December; one specimen.
Stagmatophora narcota, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 5).
Female, 18 mm. Head white, with a light pinkish-fuscous stripe on crown. Palpi whitish, second joint pale brownish, terminal joint with fuscous line internally. Antennae whitish. Thorax light pinkish-fuscous, with a white stripe on each side of back. Abdomen ochreoijs-whitish. Forewings very narrow, apex slenderly long- pointed, acute, termen sinuate ; pinkish-fuscous, lighter posteriorly and towards dorsum ; costal edge whitish towards middle; two whitish streaks from base to tornus, first along fold, with a black dot beneath it in middle of wing, second almost dorsal ; an undefined line of dark grey suffusion from disk at J to apex ; a whitish line along termen throughout; cilia whitish-ochreous tinged wTith brownish. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous tinged with grey.
Albert Mine, Pretoria District, in January; one specimen.
Stagmatophora tripola, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 6).
Male, 11-12 mm. Head ochreous-whitish, crown tinged with red-brownish. Palpi ochreous-whitish, second joint with basal and median bands, terminal joint with a median band of faint pale red- brownish suffusion and a black sub-apical ring. Antennae ochreous- whitish dotted with blackish. Thorax red-brownish, partly edged with ochreous-whitish. Abdomen blackish-grey, anal tuft ochreous- whitish. Forewings very narrow, widest near base, gradually narrowed, acute-pointed ; red-brownish ; a line of blackish and whitish irroration along fold from base to first fascia ; a slender ochreous- whitish almost straight direct transverse fascia at J, on costa enlarged and including a black sub-costal dot, anteriorly edged with black in disk, posteriorly edged with dark grey irroration which is also produced into a short streak above middle ; a narrow grey streak irrorated with blackish proceeding from dorsum in middle of wing obliquely outwards to costa, thence along costa to f ; a slender ochreous-whitish streak along termen, lower half irrorated with dark grey, upper half edged posteriorly with blackish, more or less tending to be connected in middle with posterior extremity of preceding ; cilia light red-brownish, towards tornus suffused with dark grey, at apex with two rather indistinct blackish hooks. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey.
Pretoria, in January and February; two specimens. Allied to spodochtha from Ceylon, but differing in details of marking and without the dark bands towards apex of antennae.
Stagmatophora sclerodes, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. T).
Male, 8 mm. Head dark fuscous. Palpi fuscous, anterior edge blackish, apex of second joint whitish. Antennae dark fuscous, apical fourth white. Thorax blackish-fuscous, posterior extremity ochreous- whitish. Abdomen fuscous mixed with whitish. Forewings
20
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
lanceolate, acute ; blackish-fuscous ; markings ochreous-whitish ; a moderate fascia almost at base ; a roundish blotch in disk slightly beyond middle, almost touching dorsum ; a small costal spot about f , and a dorsal dot opposite ; cilia blackish-fuscous, towards tornus grey. Hindwings grey; cilia light grey.
Pretoria, in October; one specimen.
Stagmatophora phalacra, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 8).
Female, 10 mm. Head dark grey, collar and back of crown whitish. Palpi rather stout, dark fuscous, very finely transversely ribbed with whitish. Antennae dark fuscous, becoming ochreous- whitish towards apex. Thorax glossy dark fuscous, shoulders narrowly whitish. Abdomen dark fuscous. Forewdngs rather broad lanceolate, acute ; glossy dark fuscous, faintly purplish-tinged ; cilia concolorous. Hindwings grey; cilia fuscous.
Van der Merwe Station, Pretoria District, in December; one specimen.
Limnoecia neurogramma, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 9).
Female, 27 mm. Head whitish, crown with two dark fuscous stripes. Palpi dark fuscous mixed with white, especially towards middle of second joint, terminal joint with some loosely projecting scales towards apex posteriorly. Antennae fuscous. Thorax fuscous, suffused anteriorly with dark fuscous with a whitish stripe on each side of back. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings lanceolate; fuscous strongly streaked with blackish between veins; costal edge white from \ to | ; a white sub-costal streak from base to beyond middle ; a white streak almost along dorsum from base to tornus, thence continued along termen to apex ; margins of cell and internal vein marked with strong white streaks ; other veins partially indicated with whitish ; cilia light fuscous ; basal half mixed with blackish, at apex with a white bar. Hindwings rather dark fuscous; cilia light fuscous.
Warmberg, Zoutpansberg District, in December; one specimen.
This, and the next species, which are obviously allied together, both show peculiarities in the scaling of the palpi, but the known species of Linnoecia already show much diversity in this respect.
Limnoecia eretmota, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 10).
Male, 20 mm. Head white, sides of face dark fuscous. Palpi white, second joint above with rough projecting scales diminishing to apex, beneath rough-scaled towards apex, externally mixed with dark fuscous, terminal joint slender, with anterior edge dark fuscous. Thorax white, shoulders and a narrow dorsal stripe becoming obsolete posteriorly dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish-yellowish. Fore wings
lanceolate ; light fuscous, marked with dark fuscous lines between veins, and in cell mixed with dark fuscous ; costa narrowly white from near base to § ; costal area with suffused white streaks between the dark lines ; a narrow whitish streak along dorsum ; a strong white streak beneath middle from base to termen, posteriorly broken up into several branches beneath along veins ; cilia light fuscous mixed with whitish (imperfect). Hindwings grey; cilia pale whitish- ochreous.
Pretoria, in January; one specimen.
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
21
Mompha quinquecristata Wals.
20-22 mm. Palpi white with black bands. Forewings with a small white inwardly oblique mark on costa at f, and a white linear dot at extreme apex (these are indicated in Lord Walsingham’s figure but not in his description) ; the scale tufts, though not truly metallic, have yet in certain lights a strong golden iridescence.
Pretoria, in December.
Stathmopoda tricfiodora, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 1).
Male, 16 mm. Head wdiitish-ochreous (partly defaced). Palpi whitish-ochreous. Antennae ciliations fasciculate 1-J, Thorax whitish-ochreous, spotted with dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish- ochreous banded with ferruginous, with lateral series of blackish spots, anal segment ochreous-orange with blackish apex. Posterior tibiae and basal joint of tarsi clothed with very long rough projecting blackish and whitish bristly scales. Forewings lanceolate, acute ; whitish-ochreous ; markings dark grey mixed with black ; a narrow costal streak from base to middle, with a short projection near base; an elongate spot on base of dorsum; an elongate blotch extending over costal half of wing from J to beyond middle, connected by moderate irregular fasciae with dorsum before middle and tornus, latter extended as a streak along termen to apex; a roundish spot in disk at ; two or three inwardly oblique marks on costa towards apex; cilia grey, above apex pale fulvous, beneath tornus tinged with fulvous. Hindwings fulvous irrorated with fuscous; cilia light grey tinged with fulvous.
Waterfall, Zoutpansberg District, in November; one specimen,
Eretmocera scatospila Z.
Pretoria District, in April.
Eretmocera florifera, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 2).
Female, 12 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark bronzy-fuscous ; palpi whitish towards base ; thorax with a pale yellow spot on each side posteriorly. Antennae purple-blackish, median third with long rough projecting scales above. Abdomen bright deep yellow, with deep fuscous-purple dorsal spot extending over two basal segments, apical segment blackish except tip. Forewings lanceolate; purple- blackish ; a moderate roundish pale ochreous-yellow spot in disk at J ; a small wdiitish yellowish spot on tornus and one rather beyond it on costa; cilia purple-blackish. Hindwings bright deep yellow; a dark purplish-fuscous apical patch covering rather more than J, anterior edge with projections in disk and on termen ; cilia deep yellow, round apical patch dark fuscous. Under-surface of all wings deep yellow with dark fuscous apical patches.
Pretoria, in December; one specimen.
SCYTRIDAE.
Scytpiris cometa, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 3).
Female 13 mm. Head and thorax grey suffused with whitish. Palpi pale grey suffused with white towards base. Antennae dark grey. Abdomen grey, beneath whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, apex produced, acute, termen sinuate, very oblique; grey, with a faint purplish gloss towards apex ; a moderately broad suffused
22
Aral's of the Transvaal Museum.
whitish streak beneath middle from base to near termen, posteriorly tending to be trifurcate on veins ; a suffused whitish line along vein lb throughout, another along dorsum to tornus ; cilia grey, with slight bronzy gloss. Hindwings with 4 and 5 stalked; dark grey; cilia dark grey.
Pretoria, in April; one specimen “ on Compositae
ScYTHRIS OCHRANTHA, 11. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 4).
Female, 22 mm. Head ochreous-yellow. Palpi pale ochreous- yellowish, anterior edge of terminal joint fuscous. Antennae blackish. Thorax pale ochreous. Abdomen ochreous-yellowish. Forewings lanceolate, acute ; 6 to close below apex ; pale ochreous, costa more yellowish ; cilia light ochreous-yellow. Hindwings f , all veins
separate; dark grey; cilia light ochreous-yellow.
Colenso, Natal, in March; one specimen.
Scythris pelochyta, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 5).
Male, female, 10-12 mm. Head yellow-ochreous. Palpi whitish- ochreous. Thorax pale bronzy ochreous. Abdomen light grey. Forewings lanceolate, acute; pale bronzy-ochreous, in one specimen tinged with grey; cilia concolorous. Hindwings 5, all veins
separate; grey; cilia light grey tinged with ochreous.
Pretoria, in August and November; three specimens.
OECOPHORIDAE.
Hypercallia sincera, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 6).
Male, 24 mm. Head, palpi, antennae, and thorax ochreous- white; antennal ciliations 4. Abdomen pale whitish-ochreous. Fore- wiqgs elongate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen slightly sinuate, rather strongly oblique; ochreous-white; cilia white. Hind- wings and cilia ochreous-white.
Bronkhorst Spruit, Pretoria District, in December; one specimen. Depress aria trimenella Wals.
Pretoria District, in February; one specimen. Forewings with 2 and 3 stalked.
Diocosma tricycla, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 7).
Male 21 mm. Head yellowish- white. Palpi whitish, slightly crimson-tinged externally, second joint suffused with crimson towards apex. Antennae whitish-ochreous, basal joint crimson above with apex white. Thorax whitish-yellow, patagia with a crimson stripe becoming purplish at apex. Abdomen ochreous-whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex round-pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; light yellow ; a purplish-grey streak along dorsum and termen throughout, continued round apical third of costa where its anterior extremity is expanded, towards base of dorsum suffused with crimson ; two purple-grey blotches edged with deep crimson-ferruginous resting on this streak and reaching § across wing, first before middle, somewhat reniform, second beyond middle, circular, connected with first in disk ; some grey suffusion towards apex ; cilia light grey, on costa and round apex suffused with light crimson. Hindwings ochreous-whitish; cilia pale whitish-ochreous;
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
•costal hair-pencil pale yellowish. Forewings beneath with patch of modified light yellowish-fuscous scales occupying cell and extending above it, lower margin of cell with fringe of hairs directed obliquely upwards.
Lekkerwater (Rietfontein No. TO), Zoutpansberg District, in September; one specimen.
Prosarotra, n. g.
Head with loosely appressed hairs, side-tufts spreading ; ocelli present; tongue developed. Antennae f, in male simple, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi very long, curved, ascending, second joint thickened with appressed scales, above with scales roughly spreading towards apex, terminal joint shorter than second, moderate, acute. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings with 2 from towards angle, T and 8 stalked, T to termen, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia j-§, 3 and 4 connate, 5-7 parallel.
Type ciganopis Meyr., from Ceylon.
Prosarotra sarcopa, n. sp. (Plate YII, fig. 8).
Female, 18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dull crimson. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen straight, oblique ; dull crimson ; costal edge grey towards base, thence obscurely whitish to middle ; a dark grey streak edged posteriorly with ochreous-yellow running from disk before J to dorsum beyond middle ; second diskal stigma blackish-grev : a short inwardly oblique whitish streak from tonus, edged anteriorly by a patch of dark grey suffusion; a few scattered dark grey scales posteriorly; cilia light crimson, base whitish-suffused. Hindwings light grey; cilia grey- whitish.
Pretoria, in March; one specimen.
XYLORYCTIDAE.
Procometis oxypora Meyr.
One male, 32 mm. ; one female, 42 mm. Forewings with costa suffused with white, especially in female. Hindwings in male rather dark grey, costal hair-pencil grey; in female grey, cilia whitish- ochreous.
Pretoria District, in December and January.
STENOMIDAE.
Palaetheta, n. g.
Head with appressed scales, side-tufts loosely spreading ; ocelli apparently absent; tongue developed. Antennae J, basal joint rather elongate, with pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint beneath with moderate tuft of projecting hairs towards apex, terminal joint as long as second, moderate, acute. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform. Posterior tibiae clothed with rough hairs. Forewings with 2 and 3 stalked, * separate, to costa, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia 1 ; 3 and 4 connate, 5-7 tolerably parallel, 6 to apex.
Allied to Parexaida .
24
Annals of the Transvial Museum
Palaetheta ischnozona, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 9).
Female, 13-14 mm. Head white, crown with a central blotch of dark fuscous irroration. Palpi white, second, and terminal joints each with two dark fuscous bands. Thorax white, variably spotted with dark fuscous irroration. Abdomen white, segments banded with ferruginous. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex, obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; white ; three narrow oblique fasciae of dark fuscous irroration partially suffused with brownish, first from middle of base to J of dorsum, second from middle of costa to tornus, narrowest in disk, dilated on tornus, third from f of costa to termen beneath apex, slender and interrupted ; plical stigma dark fuscous ; cilia white, near tips with a series of dark fuscous points. Hindwings light grey or whitish-grey; cilia ochreous-whitislu
Pretoria, in December and February; two specimens.
Stenoma ovata Wals.
One male, 28 mm. Pretoria District, in September. If correctly identified, a true Stenoma, except that labial palpi are shorter than usual, with second joint more densely scaled.
GRACILAPIADAE.
Epicephala barbitias, n. sp. (Plate VII, fig. 10).
Female, 12 mm. Head and thorax white, face with a blackish spot on each side, patagia fuscous. Palpi white, apex of second joint and a median band of terminal joint black. (Abdomen broken.) Forewings very narrow, tolerably pointed; light fuscous, towards costa sprinkled with black and grey-whitish ; three or four more or less marked fine longitudinal lines of black scales in disk from base to about f a moderate white dorsal streak from base to near apex,, somewhat mixed with fuscous, upper edge slightly sinuous and marked with some black scales in sinuations ; two oblique white strigulae from costa towards apex ; a black apical dot containing a very fine white V-shaped mark; cilia light fuscous, basal half barred, with whitish, outer half round apex and upper part of termen whitish with two black lines. Hindwings grey; cilia light ochreous-greyish..
Pretoria, in September; one specimen.
Epicephala veneranda, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 1).
Female, 13-14 mm. Head white. Palpi wdnte, second joint light greyish-oclireous with very long' dense projecting tuft beneath. Antennae dark grey. Thorax white sprinkled with grey. Abdomen grey mixed with whitish. Forewings very narrow, shortly round- pointed ; grey, mixed with dark fuscous and sprinkled with whitish a moderate white streak along dorsum from base almost to apex, upper edge rather irregular, posterior portion cleft by a dark fuscous; vein; two silvery-metallic lines crossing wing* posteriorly, becoming white towards costa, first from beyond middle of costa to tornus,. angulated in disk, second about | direct, curved, enlarged at lower extremity; between these are one or two white interneural streaks above dorsal streak, and a dark fuscous streak beneath costa ; beyond second in middle is a small blackish suffused spot above which is a white dot ; cilia greyisli-ochreous, on costa fuscous with base whitish,,
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
25'
on upper part of termen white with blackish basal line. Hindwings rather dark grey; cilia ochreous-grey.
Beynespoort, Pretoria District, in December and January; two specimens. Distinguished from all described species of the genus by the long tuft of palpi, but in all other characters quite typical.
ELACHISTIDAE.
Elachista chelonitis, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 2).
Male, 10 mm. Head white. Palpi white, tinged with ochreous towards base, second joint rather rough beneath. Antennae and thorax ochreous-whitish. Abdomen grey, sides and apex whitish- ochreous. Forewings rather broad-lanceolate; 4 absent, 8 absent; white ; markings light yellow-oclireous ; an elongate spot about fold before J, edged above and beneath with some blackish specks ; two moderate fasciae marked with costal spots and sub-dorsal dots of blackish irroration, first median, rather oblique, second beyond J, direct ; a transverse spot before apex ; an irregular streak of fine dark fuscous irroration runs in disk from first fascia to anteapical spot ; a blackish mark on termen between second fascia and anteapical spot ; cilia ochreous-whitish with some scattered black specks, especially round apex. Hindwings with 4 present; grey; cilia whitish-oclireous tinged with grey.
Van der Merwe Station, Pretoria District, in December; one specimen.
PLTTTELLID AE .
Temelucha, n. g.
Head with appressed scales; ocelli present; tongue developed. Antennae f, basal joint rather short, with dense anterior pecten of scales. Labial palpi moderate, sub-ascending, second joint thickened wuth dense appressed scales, terminal joint very short, loosely scaled, obtuse. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibiae with short bristly hairs above. Forewings with slight dorsal scale-teeth; 2 from angle, 6 and T stalked, T to costa, .11 from before middle. Hind- wings |, lanceolate, cilia 2\ ; 4 and 5 rather approximated to 6, 6 and 7 connate.
Allied to Epermenia.
Temelucha xeropa, n, sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 3).
Female, 12 mm. Head and thorax white sprinkled with grey. Palpi white irrorated with blackish except apex of joints. Abdomen whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; fuscous finely irrorated with whitish, with a few dark fuscous specks ; dorsum suffused with whitish ; a light brownish-ochreous sub-costal streak from base to § ; a transverse brownish-ochreous spot below fold at 1 ; a larger transverse brownish-ochreous dorsal spot before middle, reaching half across wing, from summit of which a partially interrupted light ochreous streak runs to apex ; black dots in disk at J, beyond middle, and beyond f, last somewhat larger and elongate; undefined small scale-projections of blackish irroration on dorsal spot and before tornus ; cilia pale whitish-oclireous, round apex fuscous-tinged and
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
26
irrorated witli blackish and whitish with a dark fuscous sub-apical line. Hindwings pale grey; cilia pale whitish-ochreous.
Albert Mine, Pretoria District, in January; one specimen.
SlMAETHIS AEGYPTIACA Z.
Pretoria, in November; one specimen.
Choreutis bjerkandrella Thnb.
Pretoria, in October.
Glyphipteryx ditiorana Walk (Plate III, fig. 4).
Pretoria, in December.
TINEIDAE.
Leucoptera scammatxas, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 4).
Male, 4 mm. Head white, with small frontal tuft. Thorax white. Abdomen grey. Forewings lanceolate; white; two narrow slightly curved fuscous transverse fasciae irrorated with blackish, fi st beyond middle, second just before apex and partly in cilia ; cilia otherwise white. Hindwings grey; cilia white.
Pretoria, in September; one specimen. The neuration of this small and distinct species is not clearly perceptible, but seems consistent.
Bucculatrix portilmis Meyr.
One male, 7 mm. ; in March. The dorsal blackish patch should be described as a transverse spot of raised scales.
Hieroxestis praematura, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 5).
Male, female, 16-17 mm. Head bronzy-fuscous, face shining brassy- whitish-ochreous. Palpi whitish-ochreous, externally more or less infuscated. Antennae whitish-ochreous, infuscated above, basal joint very long, somewhat swollen and flattened, in male thickened above with very dense projecting scales diminishing to apex. Thorax dark bronzy-fuscous. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Forewings lanceolate, acute; dull purplish-fuscous, variably more or less mixed with bronzy-shining whitish-ochreous ; always a suffused shining whitish-ochreous spot on dorsum before tornus, and usually one or two smaller spots on dorsum anteriorly; cilia whitish-ocherous mixed with dark fuscous towards base. Hindwings in male with long expansible hairs at base of costa and dorsum ; pale fuscous, with bronzy reflections, towards base paler and tinged with whitish- ochreous ; cilia whitish-ochreous.
Pinetown, Natal; sixteen specimens in January (Leigh) and one in May (Janse). To this genus should also be referred phaeochalca Meyr, described from Peunion as an Opogona through overlooking the frontal tuft, which is, in this species, small and inconspicuous ; it is common at Pinetown with praematura , but always distinct, 12-14 mm., forewings without pale admixture or praetornal spot; hindwings and cilia grey (female) ; the male is peculiar in appearance, having a broad undefined median fascia of yellow-oehreous suffusion, and in the hindwings a median hyaline streak from base to near apex and a blackish apical patch.
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
27
Gephyristis, n. g.
Head roughly tufted above, hairs of face appressed in middle, shortly rough on sides; ocelli present; tongue obsolete. Antennae I ( ?), in male simple, basal joint moderate. Labial palpi moderate, straight, porrected, somewhat loosely scaled, second joint with two or three apical bristles, terminal joint shorter than second, hardly pointed. Maxillary palpi moderately long, filiform, folded. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings wdth 2 from angle, 3 absent, 4 absent, 5 out of 6 near base, 7 and 8 out of 6, 7 to costa, 11 from before middle. Hindwings f, lanceolate, cilia 4; 4 absent, 5 and 6 connate, 7 approximated to 6 at base. A development of Tinea , with reduced neuration, like Demohrotis.
Gephyristis anchiala, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 6).
Male, 13 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous, patagia dark fuscous. Palpi whitish-ochreous, terminal joint externally dark fuscous. Abdomen grey, apex ochreous-wrhitish. Forewings elongate- lanceolate, acute ; dark fuscous ; a rather broad whitish-ochreous dorsal stripe from base to apex, finely attenuated and irregular-edged posteriorly, with an oblique indentation opposite tornus ; cilia whitish- ochreous, on costa dark fuscous. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish-grey tinged with ochreous at base.
Pretoria, in December; one specimen.
Tinea adamasta, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 7).
Male, 19-24 mm. Head yellow. Palpi dark fuscous, maxillary rather short, three-jointed. Antennae whitish-ochreous, tinged with grey towards base. Thorax ligdit yellow, anterior margin dark fuscous. Abdomen ochreous-yellowish. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, terrnen very obliquely rounded ; ochreous-yellow ; costal edge dark fuscous towards base ; cilia ochreous- yellow. Hindwings and cilia whitish-ochreous yellowish.
Kranspoort, Pretoria District, in December ; Camperdown and Pinetown, Natal, from January to April (Leigh); six specimens.
Barbaroscardia fasciata Wals.
Pretoria District, in October.
"Mela sin a liochra Meyr.
Female paler throughout than male, forewmgs pale whitish- ochreous, with grey diskal dot; hindwings grey with ochreous- whitish cilia ; but a male from Pietersburg is almost as pale with diskal dot little marked.
Melasina agria, n. sp. (Plate VIII, fig. 8).
Male 15 mm. Head light fuscous, faintly ochreous-tinged. Palpi moderate, densely scaled, fuscous. Antennal pectinations 2\. Thorax rather dark fuscous. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, terrnen obliquely rounded; all veins separate ; fuscous, sprinkled with darker ; indications of a line •iof dark fuscous scales from f of costa to tornus ; cilia fuscous
28
Annals. of the Teansyaal Museum.
sprinkled with darker. Hindwings rather dark fuscous ; cilia as in forewings.
Pretoria District, in October; one specimen.
ADELIDAE.
Nemophoea libeopis Meyr.
Male, 20 mm. Head mixed with dark fuscous between antennae. Eorewings with 8 and 9 separate ; blackish scales rather numerous*, tending to form lines on veins.
Pretoria, in March; one specimen.
PI. I
Janse del.
1. Trichoptilus vivax.
2. „ varius.
3. 9} maceratus.
$ n. sp. 5 n. sp. $ n. sp.
4. Pterophorus colubratus. $ n. sp.
5. „ verax. $ n. sp.
6. 5J ammonias. $ n. sp.
PL II.
Janse del.
2
3
4
Platyptilia sabia. Feld. $
Pteropliorus crepuscularis. $ n. sp.
Agdistis malitiosa. $ n. sp.
Orneodes certifica. $ n. sp.
5. Pharmacis assecula. $ n sp.
6. Epichorista gerseas. $ n. sp.
7. Tortrix pharetrata. $ n. sp.
8. Ancylis halisparta. $ n. sp.
PI. III.
Janse del.
1.
2.
3-
4-
5-
|
Eucosma tremula. $ n. sp. |
6. |
Eucosma marmara. |
$ |
n. sp. |
|
„ monitrix. n. sp. |
7- |
Baitra pythonia. |
? |
n. sp. |
|
„ symbola. $ n. sp. |
8. |
Polychrosis primaria. |
? |
n. sp. |
|
Glyphipteryx ditiorana. $ Walk. Eucosma calliarma. £ n* sp. |
9- |
Laspeyresia halmyris. |
$ |
n. sp. |
PI. IV
Janse del.
1. Paltodora operosa. $ n. sp.
2. „ iospila. $ n. sp.
3. Sisotroga celyphodes. $ n. sp.
4. Telphusa probata. £ n. sp.
5. „ lathridia. $ n. sp.
6. Telphusa lathridia. § n. sp
7. „ zymotes. ? n. sp
8. Gelechia mesacta. $ n. sp
9. „ peronectis. $ n. sp
10. Gnorimoschema synecta. $ n. sp
PI. V,
Janse del.
1. Paristhmia barathrodes. $ n. sp
2. Brachmia malacogramma. 5 n. sp
3. Polyhymno pausimacha. $ n. sp
4. „ palinorsa. $ n. sp
5. „ paracma. $ n. sp
6. Polyhymno eurydoxa. $ n. sp.
7. Semodictis tretraptila. £ n. sp.
8. Nothris rhyodes. $ ~ n. sp.
9. „ ? pycnodes. $ n. sp.
10. Trichotaphe claviculata. $ n. sp.
PI. VI.
1. Trichotaphe ironica. $ n. sp.
2. Ypsolophus tephrodes. $ n sp.
3 Cosmopteryx oxyglossa $ n. sp
4 „ scaligera. $ n. sp.
5 . Stagmatophora narcota. $ n. sp.
6. Stagmatophora tripola.
7. „ sclerodes.
8. „ phalacra.
9. Limnoecia neurogramma.
10. „ eretmota.
* Mr. Meyrick must have overlooked the whitish streak along V3 of dorsum in In C. scaligera the spots on band are not golden but silvery.
$ n. sp.
$ n. sp.
$ n. sp.
? n. sp.
% n. sp. both species.
TP1. VII.
*
Janse del.
|
I. |
Stathmopoda trichodora. |
$ n.sp. |
|
2. |
Eretmocera florifera. |
$ n. sp. |
|
3- |
Scythris cometa. |
? n. sp. |
|
4- |
„ ochrantha. |
$ n. sp. |
|
5- |
„ pelochyta. |
$ n.sp. |
6. Hypercallia siricera. $ n. sp.
7. Diocosma tricycla. $ n. sp.
8. Prosarotra sarcopa. $ n.sp.
9. Palsetheta ischnozona. $ n. sp.
10. Epicephala barbitias. $ n. sp.
PI. VIII.
Janse del.
1. Epicephala veneranda. $ n. sp.
2. Elachista chelonitis. $ n. sp.
3. Temelucha xeropa. $ n. sp.
4. Leucoptera scammatias. $ n. sp.
|
5- |
Hieroxestis prsematura. |
2 n. sp. |
|
6. |
Gephyristis anchiala. |
$ n. sp. |
|
7- |
Tinea adamasta. |
$ n. sp. |
|
8. |
Melasina agria. |
$ s. np. |
Annals of the Tbansvaal Museum.
29
Description of a New Species of Platysaurus and Notes on the Specific Characters of certain Species of Zonuridae, together with Synoptical Keys to all the known South African Species and a resume of our Knowledge on their Distribution : and a Key to the known Genera of South African Lizards.
By John Hewitt, B.A. (Cantab.), Assistant for Lower Vertebrates.
Platysaurus wilhelmi, n. sp.
Distinct from tbe other species of Platysaurus in the more heterogeneous lepidosis of the dorsal surface, in the character of its occipital scute, and in the shape of the head which is relatively broader than in P. guttatus .
Occipital of moderate size reaching the interparietal and forming with it a comparatively broad suture in front ; a single row of enlarged gular, scales. Dorsal scales of the body varying considerably in size, being largest along the three white lines of the female and in corresponding areas in the male, but more especially in the posterior mid-dorsal region, the smaller scales of the intermediate areas being much intermixed with granules.
Ventral scales in eighteen to twenty rows, not transversely elongated in the abdominal region or only slightly so.
Lateral scales with rather prominent tubercles. Scales on arm, forearm, and anterior surface of thigh keeled, more strongly so on the leg. Coloration similar to that of P. guttatus, excepting that the pale lateral lines of the female are narrower and more clearly defined; also the white spots of the dorsal surface are less numerous and more regularly arranged, forming one or two rows on each side of the mid-dorsal line ; the entire ventral surface of the male is black and the dorsal surface is dull, tinged with green, and marked with ill-defined black spots, the tail being red.
The types are a male and a female collected by Mr. Percy Wilhelm at Nelspruit, Barberton District, and presented to the Transvaal Museum, November, 1907. The male is 194 mm. in total length, the tail being 112 mm. ; the total length of the female is 184 mm., its tail being 118 mm. Length of head, in male 19*5 mm., in female 16 mm. ; breadth of head, in male 16'6 mm., in female 12' 7 mm.
Since the above description was written I have seen three other specimens .of this species kindly sent to me by Dr. E. Warren, Director of Natal Government Museum; these come from Ubombo, Zululand, and they agree in all essential respects with the Nelspruit specimens.
Platysaurus guttatus Smith.
The Transvaal Museum has numerous specimens of a species of Platysaurus from Woodbush and from Dwas Biver, neighbouring
30 Annals of the Teansyaal Museum
localities in tlie Zoutpansberg District. These no doubt belong to the species which was described (Zool. Jahrb, 1890, p. 605) as inter- medins by Matschie from specimens which were captured at Haenerts- burg, which is quite near to Woodbush. Mr. Boulenger now (P.Z.S., 1907, p. 484) reduces intermedins Matsch. as a synonym of P. guttatus Smith. It is very probable indeed that Smith’s specimens came from the same district, as his locality record is “the neighbourhood of the Limpopo River near the tropic of Capricorn”.
Our Woodbush specimens agree with the description of the type specimen, a half-grown male, as given in the B.M. Catalogue for P. guttatus , but they do not agree so well with Smith’s original description, for he states that the nasal plates are contiguous, which is not the case in any of our specimens, and, moreover, he describes the third and fourth fingers as equal in length, whereas, in all our specimens, the fourth is distinctly longer than the third.
These Zoutpansberg lizards, referable to the species P . guttatus, have the following characters, some of which are of diagnostic importance : —
The occipital is usually small, triangular, subtriangular, or very small and oval, not reaching the interparietal ; occasionally there is, between the occipital and the interparietal an oblong or elongated triangular scute, and in one case only out of more than thirty specimens examined, the occipital itself (or more correctly a scute formed by the fusion of occipital with the intermediate scute found in other specimens) reaches the interparietal, forming with it a suture which, however, is very short.
The ventral scutes are usually in sixteen longitudinal rows, but sometimes there are eighteen, and rarely as many as twenty ; these scutes are transversely elongated in the abdominal region, sometimes being twice as broad as long, but in juvenile specimens this may not be the case.
The dorsal scales have in some slight degree a differentiation in size such as I have described for P . wilhelmi, but this is not so pronounced as in the latter species, nor is there such an intermingling of granules with the scales proper.
The males have red tails, the throat and belly are of a deep blue colour, and the dorsal surface is uniformly dark with a blue tinge — in life the dorsal coloration is a handsome vivid green — the females have pale tails, the belly is pale with blue centre, the throat is white but striped with oblique black lines, whilst the dorsal surface is of the same ground colour as in the male, but has also numerous: small pale spots and usually also three pale longitudinal lines of which the two lateral lines are broader and often ill-defined ; rarely the male also has pale spots dorsally. Our largest examples of this species reach a length of 260 mm.
Rhodesian specimens, as represented in the collections of the Rhodesian Museum, present a few points of difference from the Wood- bush series. The adult males from Khami River and Matopo Hills agree precisely, except that they are somewhat larger and the belly (but not the throat) is blackish ; the females differ from the Woodbush specimens in that the three dorsal lines are sharply defined and have no pale spots between them, but they agree in the dorsal scaling, and in one case only (out of ten) the elongated interparietal forms a comparatively wide suture with the occipital. In this latter case the
Annals of the Transvaal Museum. 31
species resembles tbe female of Wilhelmi, but is distinct therefrom by the dorsal scaling, by tbe greater elongation of tbe bead, and by its elongated interparietal scute.
Tbe South African species of Platysaurus can be distinguished by aid of tbe following key : —
Enlarged gular scales in a double row ... P. torquatus Pet.
Enlarged gular scales in a single row, no occipital
P . capensis Smith
Occipital usually not reaching the interparietal ; dorsal lepidosis practically homogeneous ... P. guttatus Smith Occipital reaching the interparietal and forming with it a comparatively broad suture ; dorsal scales varying considerably in size in the same transverse line
Pi wilhelmi n. sp.
ZONBBTTS.
The two commonest Transvaal species of Zonurus (Z. vittifer and Z. jonesii) were also described from insufficient material, and the ascribed specific characters demand some revision.
Zonurus vittifer Beichenow. — Of this species the Transvaal Museum has numerous specimens, and it is probably the most abundant species in the Transvaal. The original description (Zool. Anz., 188T, p. 3T2) cites as the chief distinctive character: “ Eronto- nasals*very small and four-sided”; this, however, is not always nor even usually the case. The frontonasal is often five-sided and of moderate size or comparatively large ; if it is four-sided the prefrontals meet in the mid-line, but when it is five-sided there is usually a small square scute between the frontal and the frontonasal, thus separating the prefrontals, or the large pentagonal frontonasal itself may separate the prefrontals.
The species closely resembles Z. cordylus, but differs in that the nasals form a comparatively long median suture and the frontonasal is small, or, if large, not transversely elongated, whilst in Z. cordylus the median suture of the nasals is short and the frontonasal is transversely elongated and large ; also the dorsal scutes of the second row posteriorly to the parietals are longitudinally elongated, which is not the case in Z. cordylus L.
Dr. Jean Boux has proposed (Zool. Jahrb. Ab. Syst. XXV, p. 418) to sink this species as a variety of Z. cordylus L., but whilst admitting the close relationship of the two forms, I consider that the differences between them are really of specific importance ; for, firstly, the above-mentioned differences are structural and quite definite, that is to say, it is easy to distinguish between the two species by consideration of either of these two characters alone, and our long series have nothing whatever that can be regarded as inter- mediate ; and, secondly, they occupy different areas of distribution, Z. vittifer being found in the Transvaal and Xatal, whilst Z. cordylus is found in Cape Colony and ranges northwards along the western part of the sub-continent to tropical West Africa.
Zonurus vittifer reaches- no great size, the length of the adult being about T inches.
Zonurus jonesii Boul. is also abundant in the Transvaal. It was described (Ann. and Mag. X.H. 6, VII, p. 417) as having pentagonal frontonasals longer than broad, separating the prefrontals and
32
Annals of the Tkansvaal Museum.
forming a suture with, the frontal ; our large series of this species shows that the frontonasal is more usually quadrangular and does not reach the frontal, so that the prefrontals generally form a suture.
Sometimes there is no loreal, this scute having fused with the preocular. Occasionally, too, there are only five upper labials, and not infrequently the frontonasal reaches the rostral.
A very distinctive character is furnished by the scaling of the flanks, these scales being somewhat smaller than the dorsals and separated from each other by granular intervals. Also a very constant character is the dark or black (in spirit specimens) lateral band which is specially marked in the shoulder region.
However, after examining numerous specimens, I have come to the conclusion that the most reliable point of distinction from Z. covdylus is to be found in the shape of the head. The differences between these two species are as follows : —
Z. cordylus has the head flattened from above and expanded laterally in the temporal region, and the relation of the greatest breadth to the length (from tip of snout to hind margin of the parietals) in a representative series of specimens is 20-20'7, 20*3-21*2, 20-21*8, 18-19*3, 21*3-23, 20-22, 19*9-20*5, the figures representing actual measurements in millimetres, whereas in Z. jonesii the head is not so much flattened, and is only slightly expanded in the temporal region, so that the ratio for this species is 15*8-18*4, 15*7-18*2, 16-18*3, 16*5-19, 15*6-18*8, 15-18*2. >
Nevertheless this mode of differentiation is not altogether trust- worthy when dealing with half-grown specimens of Z. cordylus, as the following figures relating to this species show : 14*5-17, 15*1-17*9. And, indeed, though it is usually quite easy to distinguish between young cordylus and jonesii when the sum total of the characters is considered, yet rarely a specimen appears which combines together the characters of both species, and identification thereon becomes merely a matter of speculation from the locality data.
Z. cordylus has the head scales smooth or irregularly rugose, whereas in jonesii the head scales, including the temporals, are finely and reticulately ribbed all over.
The scales on the dorsal surface of the body are, in jonesii, strongly keeled and obliquely ribbed, whereas, in cordylus, these scales, at any rate in the mid-dorsal area, are almost or entirely smooth and not ribbed.
The number of transverse rows of dorsal scales (counting from the parietal scutes to the base of the tail) varies in jonesii from twenty-three to twenty-six, and in cordylus from twenty-seven to twenty-nine. In typical specimens of the two species the lateral scaling of jonesii, or the transversely elongated frontonasal of cordylus, are good points of distinction, but, occasionally, such characters are misleading. For instance, a half-grown specimen from Selati (Zoutpansberg District), in most respects typically jonesii,' has large lateral scales strongly imbricated as in cordylus. A specimen from Uitenhage (Albany Mus. coll.) has the characteristic shape and general appearance of jonesii, but is aberrant in that the lateral scaling is just as in cordylus, the frontonasal is transversely elongated and the dorsal scales are in 27 rows. A specimen from Steynsburg, C.C. (Albany Museum coll.) agrees almost precisely with that from Uitenhage, but differs in that the ribbing of the dorsal scales is only very faintly developed.
Annals op the Tkansvaal Museum.
33
These last two and a still more doubtful specimen without precise locality constitute the only records with which I am acquainted from eastern Cape Colony, and from the evidence of these aberrant forms it is reasonable to expect that a collection of this species in the same region, an intermediate area between the home of true cordylus and that of true jonesii, would bring to light a series of intermediates between the two species.
Zonurus jonesii is a small species, usually about 5 inches long, and rarely exceeding 5J inches in length.
The South African species of Zonurus may be recognized by the aid of the following key: —
1. Frontonasal in contact with the rostral. 2.
Frontonasal separated from the rostral.- 3.
2. Head with large spines posteriorly, the dorsal surface
(excluding the flanks) with 23-25 transverse rows of scales, about 12 in a row' ... ... ... Z. giganteus Smith
Head with short spines posteriorly ; dorsal surface wdth about - 40 transverse rows of about 20 shields... Z. warreni Boul.
3. Flanks granular, about .10 scales in each transverse row
dorsallv and 8 scales in each ventral row Z. capensis Smith Flanks not granular, having scales more or less like the , dorsals ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4
4. A supranasal present, nasal very small, low'er eyelid with a
transparent disk ... ... ... ... ... ... 5
Ho supranasal, nasal of moderate size, lower eyelid opaque 6
5. Dorsally 32-44 transverse series of scales from occiput to base
of tail, the largest row containing 32-38 scales ; anterior gular scales flat, moderate... ... Z. polyzonus Smith 31 or 32 transverse rows of scales dorsally ; anterior gular scales almost granular ... ... Z. pustulatus Pet.
6. Hasal swollen, hemispherical, pierced in the centre; temporal
spines present ; dorsal scales in 15 or 16 transverse rows
Z. cataphractus Boie
Hasal not swollen, no temporal spines. T.
7. Scales of the second row' immediately posterior to the
parietals longitudinally elongated ; median suture of nasals long ... ... ... ... ... Z. vittifer Beich
Scales of the second row immediately posterior to the parietals not longitudinally elongated. 8.
8. Head depressed and laterally expanded in the temporal region,
the greatest breadth being almost equal to the length of the head (from tip of snout to parietals) ; frontonasal transversely elongated ; lateral scales as large as the dorsals and strongly imbricate ; dorsals in 27 to 29 trans- verse rows ... ... ... ... ...Z. cordylus L.
Head not much depressed and not much expanded in the temporal region, the scutes all finely and reticulately ribbed ; lateral scales smaller than dorsals and separated from each other by granular intervals ; dorsals in 23 to 26 transverse rows ... ... ... ...Z. jonesii Boul
* This character is not absolutely reliable : in jonesii , and I believe also in cordylus , a mall p ercentage of the individuals has the frontonasal in contact with the rostral.
34
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
CHAMAESAURA.
The four South African species of this genus all occur in the- Transvaal, C . aenea being the commonest species.
I suspect, however, that C. didactyla Boul (Proe. Zool. Soc., 1890, p. 82) will prove to he merely a variety or individual variation of C. anguina. According to the descriptions the chief difference lies in the fact that C . didactyla has tw~o tiny digits each with a claw, whilst C. anguina has only one digit with its small claw; a difference of colour is also recorded. Of these two species we have four specimens, of which one (from Irene, Taylor) is- typical anguina; another from the same locality, and sent by Mr. Taylor at the same time, is didactyla, and the two others are typically didactyla so far as the hands are concerned, but the foot in one specimen is didactyl on one side and monodactyl on the oilier, whilst in the other specimen the feet can hardly be called didactyl as the second digit and claw is so very minute. The colour of these specimens of C . didactyla is exactly that recorded for anguina. Dr. Jean Roux also records didactylism in a limb of a specimen of C. anguina. The question of the validity of C. didactyla must, however, remain sub judice until a good series of specimens can be examined.*
The several species of Chamaesaura can be recognized by the aid of the following synopsis : —
Fore limbs wanting; scales in 22 longitudinal and 37 or 38 transverse series to base of tail ... ... C. macrolepis Cope
Both pairs of limbs pentadactyle, scales in 28 longitudinal and 42 transverse series ... ... ... C. aenea Wiegm.
Both pairs of limbs styliform, scales in 26 longitudinal and 38 or 39 transverse series —
(a) with two tiny digits each with a claw, the inner digit
shortest ... ... ... ... ...C. didactyla BouL
(b) a single digit clawed at the end ...C. anguina Linn.
P seudocordylus microlepidotus Cuv. See characters of the genus.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE ZONURIDAE.
The exact distribution of the South African reptiles is still incompletely known, for although European workers have from time to time published lists of species obtained by travellers in South Africa, these lists have not been supplemented by local workers. In fact the only faunistic lists published in South Africa or by local workers are those of the Natal Government Museum and of Air. Chubb in Bulawayo. Records of special groups have been published by Dr. Gough, my predecessor, who dealt with snakes, and by Dr. Duerden, of the Albany Museum, who worked on tortoises.
However, although it is not yet possible to precisely define the limits of distribution of some of the species here dealt with, yet I believe that sufficient data is now forthcoming to enable us to roughly indicate the specific areas of distribution. Material for this purpose has been furnished by the extensive collections of this museum, and for much additional information I am indebted to the authorities of all the other South African Museums who have kindly placed their material at my disposal.
* Since this was written my suspicions have been confirmed on examining the collections of this species in the South African Museum, for specimens from the same localities show all degrees of variation between typical anguina and didactyla.
Annals of tile Tkansvaal Museum.
35
Also I have made use of the records to be found in the literature referred to below : —
Bocage. — Herpetology of Angola, 1895. Jornal de Sciencias Math. Phys., Lisboa, 2, 4, 1896. (Bechuanaland, Modder Biver, and W. Transvaal.)
Boettger. — Ber. Senck. ges. Frankfort, 1886-1889.
Boulenger. — B.M. Catalogue of Lizards, 1896; P.Z.S., 1897, 800 (N. Nyassaland) ; P.Z.S., 1902, 2 (Mashonaland) ; A.M.N.H., 7, 12, 1903 (Bichmond District, C.C.) ; P.Z.S., 1905, 248 (Capo Colony, Natal, Orange Biver Colony, and Transvaal); P.Z.S., 1907, 2, 483 (Transvaal and Portuguese East Africa) ; Annals Natal Government Museum, Yol. I, Part 3 (Zululand, Natal). Chubb.— P.Z.S., 1909, 590.; (Matabeleland.)
Fischer. — Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss, Anst. 5, 1887. (German S.W. Africa.) Matschie. — Zool. Jahrb., 1890. (Transvaal.)
Boux. — Zool. Jahrb., 1907, 25, 405. (Cape Colony, Natal, Trans- vaal.) Bevue Suisse Zool., 15, 1907. (Transvaal, Mozambique.) Smith. — Zoology of S. Africa, 1849.
Tornier. — Zool. Jahrb. 13, 579. (German East Africa.)
Werner. — Yerh. Zool. Ges. Wien. Bd. 43, 1894. (Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal.)
In accordance with the usual custom, the northern limits of this sub-continent are taken from the Zambezi on the east to the Cunene Biver on the west, but this line certainly constitutes no natural boundary, for in the eastern portions, the Transvaal and Natal, the lizard fauna shows a preponderating tropical element accompanied by only a minority of forms which are confined to the area in question. On the other hand, Cape Colony has a very distinct and characteristic reptilian fauna which is strictly limited in its distribu- tion, and though in the same region there is to be found a much smaller assembly of reptiles which are also to be found in the Transvaal, yet the majority of these are widely distributed forms extending up to the equatorial region and beyond. At the same time, whilst we must regard the Cape Colony as the principal home of a fauna peculiarly South African, it should not be forgotten that there are a few groups, e.g. the Zonuridae, which as a whole are almost exclusively South African, and the species are more equally distributed in the several parts of the sub-continent, so that, after all, South Africa, as we understand it, has some claim to be regarded as a distinct zoological area whose northern limits are ill-defined because of a strong infiltration of tropical forms.
In the following lists I have not thought it necessary to quote every record with which I am acquainted nor the authority for the record, except in special cases of unusual importance.
Zonurus giganteus Smith.
Smith’s specimens came from the rocky pinnacles of the Quathlamba Mountains. He suggested that the same species occurs on the mountains of Great Namaqualand, but I have seen no records to substantiate this.
The Transvaal Museum has specimens from Bloemfontein, from Kroonstad (Orange Biver Colony), and from Yereeniging. The Bloemfontein Musuem has many specimens without locality. The
36
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
distribution of this species is probably Basutoland, Orange River Colony, and neighbouring portions of the high veld (Transvaal).
ZONURUS WARRENI Boul.
Recorded from TTbombo, Zululand.
Zonurus capensis Smith.
Taken by Smith on the Hottentot Holland Mountain near Cape- town. So far as I know, this species has never been taken since.
Zonurus polyzonus Smith.
A widely distributed species.
Fischer records it from Walfish Bay, Angra Pequenna, and Orange River.
The South African Museum has specimens from Steinkopf, Port Nolloth, Calvinia, and Clanwilliam, and as far south as Hoetjes Bay, Touws River, and Matjesfontein ; there are some specimens from Burghersdorp and the Middelburg Division in the eastern portion of the Cape Colony; Miss Wilman has taken it at Kimberley; the Albany Museum has a specimen from Steytlerville ; and there are a number of specimens without locality in the Bloemfontein Museum.
The most northern record with which I am acquainted is Irene, near Pretoria (Taylor).
The South African Museum has a single record from Natal; we have no specimen of this species from the eastern parts of the Transvaal.
The distribution appears to be German S.W. Africa, Cape Colony (with the exception of the southern coastal districts), Basuto- land, and Orange River Colony, part of Natal and south-west Transvaal, and perhaps also — there are no records — British Bechuanaland.
Zonurus pustulatus Pet.
Recorded from Hereroland, German S.W. Africa.
Zonurus cataphractus Boie.
According to Smith this species is common on the west coast of Cape Colony.
Jean Roux records it from Namaqualand, and the South African Museum has specimens from the Calvinia and Clanwilliam Districts, and from Matjesfontein.
Zonurus jonesii Boul.
This is the common species of the Pretoria District. It occurs also in the Zoutpansberg District, and the South African Museum lias specimens from the Matopo Hills (near Bulawayo) and from Palapye (Bechuanaland); it is found at Kimberley (Miss Wilman), and the Albany Museum has specimens which I refer to this species from Steynsburg and Hitenhage. It seems to have an extensive distribution in the central parts of South Africa, but there are no records from the coastal regions, the TTitenhage specimen excepted."
* According to a note in the Zoological record the angola species Z. angolensis is really synonymous with jonesii.
ERRATA.
The records of Zonurus polyzonus, and Chamaesaura anguina from Irene are incorrect : the former should be Hanover C.C. and the latter Tokai C.C. ( Vide L. Taylor.)
Page 36 (20 nurus polyzonus).
Page 37 (Chamaesaura anguina).
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
37
ZONURUS CORDYLUS L.
Very abundant in tbe coastal districts of Cape Colony; the most eastern record in the South African Museum is Tsomo, Transkei there are several records from some of the interior districts of Cape Colony, viz., Middleburg District, Bedford District, and Tulbagh District, but it does not reach so far as the central districts.
This species is recorded from several localities on the west coast of Africa — Walfijft Bay, for instance — and Bocage records it from north Angola., where, he says, it occupies a littoral zone. It is not, however, confined to low-lying districts, as it occurs on the slopes of Table Mountain. Further, it is recorded by Tornier from German East Africa, by Boulenger from northern Nyassaland, and from the Pretoria District (Distants Naturalist in the Transvaal), and by Chubb from Matabeleland,* but I believe that the two latter records at any rate are incorrect, for the Pretoria record was published prior to the separation of vittifer as a species distinct from cordylus, and all the specimens in the Transvaal Museum which are related to this species really belong to vittifer or to jonesii, whilst all Matabeleland specimens now* in the South African Museum are referable to jonesii.
Zonurus vittifer Reich.
This is abundant in the Zoutpansberg District and occurs also in the Middelburg District, and on the north-w^est Rand. It is recorded from Ladysmith (Natal), from Reitvlei (TImvoti), from Zululand, and the Albany Museum has a specimen from Teafontein, about fifteen miles north-west of Graliamstowm. Apparently its principal home is in the low veld portions of the Transvaal extending south- wards into Natal and eastern Cape Colony and westwards for some distance on the high veld of the Transvaal.
Pseudocordylus microlepidotus Smith occurs on the hills and mountains of the coastal districts of south and east Cape Colony ; it is recorded also from the Richmond District. It is found in Natal, in the Orange River Colony, and in the Transvaal (Wakkerstroom, Pretoria District, and Zoutpansberg District). I have seen no records of this species north of the Transvaal, and none from German S.W. Africa, nor from western Cape Colony.
Chamaesaura aenea Fitz. is common in the Pretoria District, and it occurs also in the Zoutpansberg, Lydenburg, Middelburg, and Standerton Districts of the Transvaal. It is found in the Orange River Colony and in Natal. There are no records of this species from Cape Colony, nor from German S.W. Africa, and none north of the Transvaal.
Chamaesaura anguina L. (including also didactyla Boul., which is not specifically distinct from anguina). This species is common in the coastal districts of south and east Cape Colony, extending up into Pondoland, Zululand, Natal, and the Transvaal (Irene, Pretoria District, Taylor).
The South African Museum has specimens from Namaqualand and from the Worcester Division of Cape Colony.
Chamaesaura macrolepis Cope occurs in Natal and Zululand, and the Transvaal Museum has a specimen from White River (Lydenburg District) taken by Mr. A. T. Cooke. The Port Elizabeth Museum has a specimen from that neighbourhood.
* I have recently seen the specimen and it proves to be jonesii.
38
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
Bocage records this species from the high plateau of south Angola.
Platysaurus capensis Smith was taken by Smith in the sandy deserts of Great Namaqualand.
Platysaurus guttatus Smith occurs in the Zoutpansberg District of the Transvaal, in Matabeleland, and the South African Museum has specimens of this species from Mashonaland (near Salisbury) and as far south as Victoria West, C.C.
Platysaurus wilhelmi, n. sp., was taken at Nelspruit, Barberton District; it occurs also in Zululand.
Platysaurus torquatus Pet. described from Mozambique.
Key to Genera of South African Lizards.*
1. Limbs present (sometimes much reduced) ... ... ... 10
Limbs none ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
3. Eyes concealed under the skin ... ... ... ... ... 3
Eyes not concealed under the skin ... ... ... ... 6
,3. Nostril pierced in a separate nasal ... ... ... ... 4
Nostril pierced in the large rostral... ... Typhlosaurus. (An.)
4. Snout rounded or feebly compressed, no large pectoral
segments ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5
Snout broadly projecting with cutting edge, pectoral shields
enlarged ... ... ... ... ... Monopeltis. (Am.)
5. Preanal pores present; an ocular shield ... Amphisbaena. (Am.) No preanal pores and no ocular shield ... Chirindia. (Am.)
6. Nostril pierced in the large rostral shield, with the posterior
border of which it is connected by a suture ... ... ... T
Nostril pierced between the rostral and a very small nasal or first
labial ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8
7. No eyelids, a supranasal ... ... ... Typhlacontias. (S.)
A transparent lower eyelid, no supranasal ... Acontias. (S.)
8. Palatine bones in contact on the median line ... Scelotes. (S.)
Palatine bones not meeting on the median line ... ... 9
9. Nostril pierced between the rostral and a very small ring-shaped
nasal which is situated between the rostral and the first labial
Herpetosaura. (S.)
Nostril pierced between the rostral, the supranasal, the postnasal, and the first labial .. . ... ... ... ... Sepsina. (S.)
Nostril pierced between the rostral and first labial
Melanoseps. (S.)
10. Head covered by symetrical plates ... ... ... ... 25
Head not covered by symetrical plates ... ... ... ... 11
11. Digits not arranged in two bundles froming gasping organs 13
Digits arranged in two bundles forming gasping organs ... 12
12. Claws simple, scales on soles smooth ... Chamaeleon. (C.)
Claws bicuspid, scales on soles spinose ... Rhampholeon. (C.)
13. Digits interiorly modified into adhesive organs, i.e. with
swellings on the articulations or lateral expansions of some or all of the phalanges ... ... ... ... ... ... 14
Digits included in a thick web forming a broad palmar surface
Palmetto gecko. (G.)
Digits not modified into adhesive organs and not broadly webbed ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 23
* This Key is a modified and enlarged reproduction of an original drawn up by Dr Gough.
Annals oe the Transvaal Museum.
39
14. Pupil vertical ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 15
Pupil round ; digits narrow at tlie base, the dilatation strong and
discoid, the distal joint strongly curved, and the claw retractile
Lygodactylus. (G.)
15. Digits with no rudiment of web ... ... ... ... . . 16
The dilated digits with a slight rudiment of a web and inferiorly
with transverse undivided lamellae ... H omopholis . (G.)
16. Digits short, cylindrical, clawless, the skin swollen on the palmar
surface and under the articulations, simulating pads
Chondrodactylus (G.)
Digits not as above... ... ... ... ... ... ... 17
17. The distal phalanges laterally not compressed ... ... , . 18
The distal phalanges to some extent laterally compressed : the
distal joint long, free, rising from within the extremity of the digital expansion ... ... ... i Hemidactylus. (G.)
18. Digits clawed, dilated at the apex, which is furnished inferiorly
with two plates separated by a longitudinal groove ... 19
Digits not as above... ... ... ... ... ... ... 20
19. Digits not dilated at the base, the distal expansion covered above
with scales strongly differentiated from those of the basal part
Phyllodactylus . (G.)
Digits dilated also at the base, the basal expansion with two pairs of large plates at its extremity ... ... Oedura. (G.)
‘20. Digits with more than three transverse lamellae inferiorly ... 21
Digits with only two enlarged scales under their extremity and a nail-like scale above ... ... ... ... Col opus (G.)
21. Digits with minute and rather indistinct retractile claws ... 22
Digits clawless, a flat nail-like scale on the extremity above, below with undivided angular lamellae distally
Pachydactylus. (G.)
"22. Dpper surfaces covered with minute granular scales
Rlioptropus. (G.)
Dpper surfaces covered wflth granules and tubercules of unequal sizes ... ... ... ... ... Elasmodactylus . (G.)
'23. Body covered with granular scales, digits clawed; toes strongly fringed laterally with long pointed scales . . .Ptenopus. (G.) Body covered with imbricate scales ... ... "... ... 24
24. Pupil round, head short, tongue thick, and not protractile
Agama. (A.)
Pupil vertical, head elongate, tongue very long, slender, and bifid ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Varanus (V .)
25. The rostral takes no part in forming the nostril ... ... 26
Nostril between the rostral and one or more labials (Scelotes
Herpetosaura, and Sepsina) ... ... ... ... ... 8
26. Nostril between the first labial and one or more nasals ... 27
Labials take no part in forming the nostril ... ... ... 30
27. Dorsal scales forming regular longitudinal and transverse series,
squarish, or rhomboidal with osteodermal plates ... ... 28
Dorsal scales roundish, soft, intermixed with granules
Pseudocordylus. (Z.)
28. No praefrontals ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 29
Praefrontals present, tongue with imbricate scale-like papillae above ... ... ... ... ... Gerrhosaurus. (Gr.)
40
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
29. Lower eyelid scaly (limbs sometimes rudimentary) ; tongue witli
oblique plicae above ... ... ... Tetradactylus. (Gr.)
Lower eyelid with a large transparent disk; tongue with imbricate scale-like papillae above ... ... ... Cordylosaurus. (Gr.)
30. Nostril in a single nasal ... ... ... ... ... ... 31
Nostril between two to four nasals ... ... ... ... 36
31. Dorsal scales granular, head and body strongly depressed, limbs
well developed ... ... ... ... Flatysaurus. (Z.)
Dorsal scales not granular, but comparatively large and imbricate ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 32
32. Dorsal scales lanceolate and strongly keeled; body serpent if orm
Chamaesaura. (Z.)
Dorsal scales not lanceolate but rhomboidal or cycloid- hexagonal ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 33
33. Tail spinose ... ... ... ... ... Zonurus. (Z.)
Tail not spinose ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 34
34. Eyelids well developed, movable... ... ... ... ... 35
Eyelid immovable, transparent, covering the eye
Ablepharus. (S.)
35. Lower eyelid scaly ... ... ... ... . . .Lygosoma. (S.)
Lower eyelid with an undivided, more or less transparent disk
Mabuia. (S.)
36. Collar distinct ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 38
.N o collar ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 37
37. Digits distinctly keeled interiorly, headscales strongly keeled and
striated ... ... ... ... ... Ichnotropis. (L.)
Digits smooth or indistinctly keeled interiorly ; headscales smooth or merely finely ribbed .. . ... ... Tropidosaura. (L.)--
38. Digits not fringed laterally ... ... ... ... ... 39
Digits fringed laterally sometimes, only feebly so Scapteira. (L.)
39. Digits smooth or indistinctly keeled interiorly ... Nuchas. (L.)
Digits distinctly keeled interiorly ... ... ... Eremias. (L.)
|
A. |
signifies Agamidae. |
V. |
signifies Varanidae. |
|
Gr. |
„ Geckonidae. |
Z. |
Zonuridae. |
|
Gr, |
,, Gerrhosanridae. |
c. |
,, Chamaeleontidae. |
|
L. |
„ Lacertidae. |
. An. |
,, Anelytropidae. |
|
S. |
„ Scincidae. |
Am. Amphisbaenidae.- |
Annals of the Transvaal Museum,
41
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF HADOGENES AND OF THE MALE OF HADOGENES GUNNINGS PURC.
By John Hewitt, B.A. (Cant.).
HADOGENES GRACILIS, sp. nov.
The scorpion here described was collected in April, 1910, for the Transvaal Museum by Mr. J. H. van Dam at De Kroon, Crocodile River, a station between the Pretoria and Rustenburg Districts.
Its characters are as follows : —
Female.- — Carapace very shallowly emarginate in front, about as broad as long, densely granular throughout, rather coarsely at the sides and just in front of the median eyes ; lateral eyes almost equal, the middle one distant about J-J of its diameter from the anterior eye and of its own diameter from the posterior eye (in one specimen there is on the left side only a small accessory eye between the middle and posterior eyes), superciliarj^ ridges of median eyes smooth.
First tergite finely shagreened at the sides, the succeeding tergites smooth, but with some coarse pitting, the seventh tergite very finely shagreened. Seventh segment broader than long. Tail 4^ times the length of the cephalothorax, which is equal to the first caudal segment together with of the second. First caudal segment highest and widest
posteriorly, the height exceeding the breadth, the superior keels practically smooth ; in succeeding segments superior keels are coarsely denticulate, and the terminal tooth is spiniform in segment 2, enlarged also in segment 3. Lateral keels smooth, most definite in the anterior half of segment 1, in the succeeding segments gradually becoming suppressed and quite wanting in the fifth segment. Inferior keels coarsely but irregularly denticulate in segment 2, more strongly so in segment 5, which has 7 to 10 larger teeth in each keel ; nearly smooth in segments 1 and 3, irregularly roughened in segment 4. Yesicle slightly compressed, a little broader than the hind end of segment 5 ; very finely shagreened dorsally and ventrally, the upper side almost straight.
Pectines usually with 18 or 19 teeth, but varying between 15 and 20.
Fingers of pedipalps lobed.
Colour, light brown mingled with olive green ; the legs all pale, almost yellowish, as also is the vesicle laterally.
Male. — Resembles the female, excepting in that all the dorsal tergites are shagreened excepting on the pair of small oval depressions situated just behind the anterior raised borders of each segment. The last abdomi- nal tergite very slightly longer than broad, narrowed behind, but not semicircularly rounded.
Tail 8| times the length of cephalothorax.
The first five segments all laterally compressed and much elongated.
Inferior keels of caudal segments irregularly roughened, but not denticulate in any segment.
Yesicle rather coarsely shagreened.
Pectines usually with 19 or 20 teeth, but sometimes only 18.
42
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
Me a surements.
|
Female. |
Male. |
|
|
Total length ... ... |
128 mm. |
190 mm. |
|
Length of cephalothorax |
15*75 mm. |
15 mm. |
|
Breadth of cephalothorax |
15*75 mm. |
15 mm. |
|
Length of last abdominal tergite |
10 mm. |
11*5 mm. |
|
Breadth of last abdominal tergite ... |
13*75 mm. |
11 mm. |
|
Length of tail ... |
68 mm. |
128 mm. |
|
Length of first caudal segment |
10*3 mm. |
20 mm. |
|
1st caudal segment, posterior height |
3*8 mm. |
3*9 mm. |
|
1st caudal segment, anterior height... |
2*25 mm. |
2 mm. |
|
1st caudal segment, posterior breadth |
2*9 mm. |
2*9 m. |
|
1st caudal segment, anterior breadth |
2*6 mm. |
2*4 m. |
|
Length of 2nd caudal segment |
12*25 m. |
25 m. |
|
Length of 3rd caudal segment |
12*25 m. |
26m. |
|
Length of 4th caudal segment |
13 m. |
26*75 m. |
|
Length of 5th caudal segment |
13 m. |
23*5 m. |
|
Length of vesicle |
9 m. |
9*75m. |
|
Height of vesicle |
3*25 m. |
3 m. |
|
Breadth of vesicle |
2*75 m. |
2*75 m. |
|
Length of femur of pedipalp |
14 m. |
15*25 m. |
|
Width of upper surface of same ... |
5*5 |
5 |
|
Width of anterior surface of same... |
3*85 |
3*75 |
|
Length of hand |
30 |
29 |
|
Width of hand |
10*25 |
8*75 |
|
Length of hand back |
16 |
15*5 |
|
Length of movable finger ... |
17*5 |
16*25 |
|
The following species of Hadogenes |
are known to |
occur in the |
Transvaal : —
H. gunningi Pure., Pretoria neighbourhood.
H. granulatus Pure., Rustenburg District, male only known.
H. bicolor Pure., Zoutpansberg District, female only.
H. gracilis , sp. nov., with distribution as above.
Also probably H. troglodytes Pet. and perhaps H. betschuanicus Pent, described from British Bechuanaland.
The species are easily distinguished by the characters of the caudal segments. In H. gracilis the caudal segments are longer and more com- pressed from side to side than in any other species known to me.
HADOGENES GUNNINGI PURC.
This Transvaal species of Hadogenes was described by Dr. Purcell in the Annals of the South African Museum, 1899, vol. 1, p. 435, from several female specimens.
The male resembles the female in colour and other general characters, but differs in that it is of more slender build, the tail in particular being considerably more elongated ; also the last abdominal tergite is relatively longer and narrower.
Tail six times as long as the carapace, which is as long as the first together with one-fifth of the second caudal segment. Terminal tooth of superior crests enlarged and practically spiniform in caudal segments 2 and 3 (enlarged also in segment 4 of our largest specimen) ; the superior keels slightly denticulate in segments 2 and 3, more so in segments 4 and 5.
Annals of tile Teansvaal Museum.
43
Inferior keels with rough irregularly disposed almost denticulate granules in segment 5 and to a less extent also in the preceding segments, where, however, the granules are not denticulate.
Lateral keel stronger in segment 1 than in any of the other segments ; lateral surfaces not granular except in segment 5 and to a slight extent also in segment 4.
Vesicle somewhat compressed ; upper side straight, below finely granular.
Width of upper surface of femur of pedipalp and of hand [Considerably narrower than in the female.
Pectines : 17-20.
Total length: 118 mm.
Length of carapace : 12'5 mm. Breadth : 13 mm.
Length of last abdominal tergite : 8 mm. Breadth : 10 mm.
Length of tail : 75 mm.
Length of segment 1 : 10*5 mm.
Length of segment 2 : 13*5 mm.
Length of segment 3 : 13' 5 mm.
Length of segment 4 : 15 mm.
Length of segment 5 : 15 mm.
Length of vesicle : 7’5 mm.
Length of femur of pedipalp : 12 mm.
Width of upper surface of same: 4 mm.
Length of hand : 24 mm.
Width of hand : 6'5 mm.
Dr. Purcell, to whom I am indebted for much information on the subject of Transvaal Arachnida, considers the shape of the first caudal segment to be a character of considerable importance in the genus Hadogenes, and, accordingly, I give precise measurements of this segment in both male and female.
Male. Female.
|
Length of first caudal segment ... |
10-5 m.m. |
7 * 5 m.m. |
|
|
Greatest breadth (posteriorly) |
2-75 „ ... |
2 '75 |
7? |
|
Breadth anteriorly... |
2-5 „ |
2'65 |
|
|
Greatest height (posteriorly) |
3-5 „ ... |
3*4 |
•n |
|
Height anteriorly ... |
i-75 „ ... |
1*9 |
V) |
|
Very young specimens of this |
species exhibit |
some |
of |
characteristic features of the species, but differ from the adults in their much abbreviated tails.
44
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
NOTE ON A TRANSVAAL SPECIES OF ONYCOPHORA (OPISTHOPATUS).
By John Hewitt, B.A. (Cantab.).
The species here recorded was collected by P. A. Krantz in the Lydenburg District some short time prior to the outbreak of the late war, and during the troublous times which ensued all the specimens with one exception were lost. This specimen, preserved in spirits, is a young female only 16 mm. long (antennae not included), and, judging* from the external characters, it agrees very closely with the Opisthopatus cinctipes Pure, of Natal and eastern Cape Colony. It has sixteen pairs of legs, the last pair being clawed and quite as large and well developed as the first pair; the papillae of the feet are arranged exactly as in the species just mentioned, and the papillae on the body also agree fairly well in shape. Coxal organs are not to be seen, but there are indications of pits which mark the apertures of such organs in a retracted condition. In colour it is brownish black, and this, Dr. Gunning informs me, was the case in living specimens ; there is a darker mid-dorsal line and a similar one on ‘either side just above the bases of the legs. Alternating bands on the ventral surfaces of the legs are not to be seen.
The Transvaal species may, however, be distinct from Opisthopatus cinctipes Pure., for it appears to differ from that species in the following respects : —
The proximal spinous pad of the sixteenth leg is well developed and entire, whereas in Cinctipes it is broken up (cp. Purcell in Annals of the South African Museum, 1900, 2, p. 68), and, secondly, the sexual orifice of the female is large and truly cruciform, the longitudinal slit being well developed.
It is intended to deal more thoroughly with this species when sufficient material is available and when an external examination can be supplemented by dissections.
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
45
Description of a new Frog belonging to the Genus Heleophryne and a note on the systematic position of the Genus.
By John Hewitt, B.A. (Cantab.).
In the Annals of the South African Magazine, Yol I, p. 110, a solitary tree frog, taken in the neighbourhood of Stellenbosch, C.C., was referred by Ylr. W. L. Sclater to a new genus of Ranidae, and it was said to be related to Rhacophorus.
In the Zool. Anz., Bd. 28, p. 785, Dr. Jean Boux includes this genus in a section of Ranidae, wdiich have an intercalary bone between the two last phalanges of the digits.
Quite recently the Transvaal Museum has received the second recorded specimen of this genus, and on examination of the osteo- logical characters of the specimen it now appears that the genus is altogether misplaced.
Firstly, the terminal phalanges are T-shaped, and there is no intercalary bone between the two terminal phalanges of the digits. But it came as a distinct surprise to find that this is an Arciferous genus.
The characters of the genus are as follows : —
Shoulder girdle arciferous, upper jaw toothed but lower jaw not so, diapophyses of sacral vertebrae somewhat dilated but not strongly so, vertebrae proeoelous, no ribs (the diapophyses of body vertebrae somewhat elongated), sternum a rather large and broad cartilaginous plate entire behind and without bony style, omosternum absent (possibly present as a rudiment), outer metatarsals separated, toes webbed, fingers free, tips of fingers and toes with well- developed disks, terminal phalanges T-shaped, the two arms of the cross-piece of the T forming an obtuse angle of about 160 degrees with each other, tympanum not visible, pupil vertical, vomerine teeth present, tongue disk- shaped, rounded and nearly free behind.
From this combination of characters it is evident that the genus belongs to the Cystignathidae and the sub-family Cystignathinae.
If the character of the pupil is really of primary importance its relationship is with the Australian rather than the American genera.
This is, so far as I know, the first record of the occurrence of a Cystignathid genus in South Africa. It is of interest as being an addition to our list of South African vertebrates with Australian affinities.
Our specimen comes from Knysna, C.C. (J. H. Bex, collector), and it seems to present sufficiently distinct characters to justify my provisionally referring it to a new species with the following characters : —
Heleophryne regis n. sp., distinct from H. purcelli Scl. in respect to the webbing of the feet; the feet are entirely webbed in purcelli, only about half w^ebbed in regis.
Snout rounded, the gape wide, vomerine teeth in two transverse groups between the clioanae, interorbital space a trifle narrower than upper eyelid, tympanum indistinct, a slight fold from the eye to the
46
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
tympanic region ; fingers free, ending in triangular disks, fourth finger longer than the second ; toes half webbed, the first toe practically free, terminal disks not so large as those of the fingers ; subarticular tubercles well developed, oval, inner metatarsal tubercle elliptic of moderate size, the outer one wanting; tibio-tarsal joint of adpressed hind limb reaches end of snout ; skin smooth above, granular on the belly and under the thighs.
Colour, purplish above with irregular dark spots, the limbs with indistinct dark cross bands ; ventral surfaces yellowfish white.
Measurements, from snout to vent, 42 mm., breadth of gape IT mm., distance from ankle to tip of fourth toe 19’5 mm.
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
47
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF CARALLUMA (ASCLEPIADACEAE).
By N. E. Brown, A.L.S., Kew.
Caralluma Leendertziae , N. E . Brown (Asclepiadaceae) ; affinis C . melananthae, Scliltr., seel pedicellis triplo longioribus, coronae exterioris lobis tridentatis et coronae interioris lobis lateraliter compressis apice biclentatis differt.
Caules 8-10 cm. alti, 1*5-2 cm. (absque dentibus) crassi, 4-angulati, angulis grosse dentati, glabri ; dentes 0*6-1 cm. longi, validi, acuti, denticulo utrinque prope apicem instructi. Pedunculi ad medium caulem enati, 1-1*5 cm. longi, 5-8 mm. crassi, umbellatim 3-5 flori, glabri. Pedicelli 4-4*5 cm. longi, erecti, 3*5 mm. crassi, glabri. Sepala 9 mm. longa, 3*5 mm. lata, ovato-lanceolata, longe acuminata, glabra. Corolla 5 cm. diam., rotata, absque tubo, extra laevis, glabra, intra dense rugulosa et pilis minutis erectis conspersa, intense purpureo-atra, marginibus ad apicem pilis longis clavatis tremulis purpureis ornata ; discus planus ; lobi patentissimi, plani, 1‘6-1‘8 cm. longi, 1*3-1*4 cm. lati, deltoideo-ovati, acuti. Corona exterior 5-loba, glabra, fusco-purpurea ; lobi patentes, 4 mm. longi, 3 mm. lati, plani, basi subquadrati, supra leviter bicarinati, apice 3-dentati, dente intermedio ovato acuto marginibus subsinuato, dentibus lateralibus patent ibus acutis denticulatus. Coronae interioris lobi 4 mm. longi, antlieris duplo longiori, conniventi, lateraliter compressi, apice bidenti, dentibus superpositis, basi coronae exteriori adnati, concavo-emarginati, glabri, atropurpurei.
Transvaal. Under trees near Potgieters Rust. Miss R. Leendertz, 1279.
J. v7
ANNALS
OF THE
TRANSVAAL MUSEUM
FEBRUARY, 101O
•^soman instfrE^
<b' voq
OCT 15 1910
/{/
Zf'°nal Muse^>
PRETORIA
The Government Printing and Stationery Office
)
a!
3545—6/6/10—500
Supplement to the Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
Proceedings of the Transvaal Biological Society.
ANNALS
OF
Jhe Jransvaal Museum.
Vol. II. FEBRUARY, 1910. No. 2.
ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PIROPLASMA IN THE DIFFERENT ORGANS.
By Dr. R. Gonder.
Since the investigations of R. Koch on East Coast fever of cattle in East Africa, the cause of this disease has formed the subject of much discussion.
At present there exist two different views. Some investigators hold that East Coast fever is due to an invisible organism, others declare P. parvum to be the cause, but neither party has been able to prove to the satisfaction of the other that their investigations were free of errors. This is due to the fact that the cattle of Africa are, as a rule, infected with various parasites ; with P. bigeminum , and the more or less harmless parasite P. mutans , which, morphologically, is very difficult to distinguish from P. parvum. Moreover, there is much controversy on the so-called plasma granules or Koch’s bodies, also known as blue bodies, which are found in the organs of cattle suffering from East Coast fever.
In this short publication, which will be succeeded by a more detailed one, I wish to communicate some investigations on the blue bodies of Koch which will throw some light on their nature. For the present I shall leave out details, neither can I enter into the literature on the subject, which will have to be considered in the more exhaustive report.
Experiments were carried out since March of this year in the Transvaal Veterinary Bacteriological Laboratory. The material used consisted in cattle whose origin we know, and in ticks whose history we were fully acquainted with ; accordingly, double infections could be excluded from the very start. The ticks placed on control cattle directly imported from England proved that they were exclusively infected with East Coast fever. In addition to this, Dr. Theiler gave me permission to utilise the cattle used in various experiments on East Coast fever which had been infected experimentally through the implantation and inoculation of different organs. For my zoological studies, therefore, a considerable amount of material was available.
1
50
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
Before discussing the question of Koch’s bodies, I wish to make some remarks on P. parvum. Last year Ollwig, at the Congress of Micro- biologists, in Berlin, stated that P. parvum and P. mutans were identical. My experiments leave no doubt that P. parvum and mutans are two different organisms, which view has been held for a number of years by different authors. Blood containing P. parvum in extraordinarily large numbers was injected subcutaneously and into the organs of various animals, and in no instance was an infection transmitted. On the contrary, it was an easy matter to transmit P. mutans to a healthy beast. An emulsion of 1 c.c. red corpuscles in 10 c.c. saline solution was sufficient to do so. As a further proof, it may be stated that Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in the Transvaal transmit P. mutans only in exceptional cases.
P. parvum and P. mutans are, therefore, ivith regard to their pathogenic effect, two different parasites, which also show differences in their cycle of development.
Together with the daily blood examinations, systematic punctures of glands and spleen were made. On comparing preparations from cattle suffering from East Coast fever with those infected with P. mutans , no doubts can be left about the cause of East Coast fever. Shortly before the parasites appear in the blood, one will notice segmenting forms of Koch’s bodies which throw off a great number of parasites. For this investigation the large shoulder glands are the most suitable. Neither an infection with P. bigeminum nor one with P. mutans , P. equi, or P. canis, shows similar evolution forms, whereby it is proved that Koch’s bodies represent a stage in the development of P. parvum, as already Koch himself had surmized. Accordingly, the view of Martin Mayer that the so-called Koch’s granules are not specific for East Coast fever falls to the ground.
The blue bodies represent indeed a certain stage in the cycle of P. parvum which corresponds to the shizogony in the cycle of the malarial and: other parasites.
These bodies (fig. 1-2 and fig. 5 c-d) appear both intracellularly and extracellularly, more particularly in the lymphocytes. Quite exceptionally polynuclear leucocytes are found to be infected. The development takes place more or less in the following manner. In the blue body (Agamont) a nucleus is first formed ; this grows and becomes richer in chromatin and plasma ; subsequently it divides successively into a great number of smaller nuclei similarly to what occurs in the cycle of haemoproteus which takes place in the organs of the pigeon and padda. The cells thus formed break up into as many sub-divisions as there are nuclei (fig. 4 -5a). One encounters and but rarely a second one to which I will refer hereafter. The explanation of this fact may be that this shizogonous stage, which I call, with Hartmann, agamogony, repeats itself. Accordingly again etes, resulting from the agamogonous stage, would grow into agamonts. I have, however, not been able to completely follow up the further development of these latter forms.
The second mode of multiplication ends with the segmentation into a great number of small parasites undoubtedly resulting from the agamo- gonous multiplication (fig. 3-5). The young parasites enter into the red corpuscles and represent now the forms known as P. parvum. Thus we have in the organs, particularly in the lymphatic glands and the spleen, two different phases, which morphologically are not difficult to distinguish from each other, The nuclei of the one phase (agamogonous) when young,
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
51
show a loose structure and are irregularly shaped. The nuclei of the second phase, that is of the second generation or gamagonous, take the nuclear stains more deeply ; they undergo reductions and accordingly appear smaller. Before the segmentation of the nuclei has taken place, they are oval-shaped. One is struck by the fact that the extracellular segmenting forms of the gamogonous generation produce parasites in far smaller numbers (fig. 3) than those found in the cells themselves (fig. 4 — 55). I have not been able to give an explanation of this observation. In the blood no multiplication has as yet been seen, but my studies on these parasites are not yet concluded. Plasma granules were found in the blood, but this fact by no means necessitates a change of the above technology. It may also be possible that two
agamogonous stages have to be distinguished, and the parasites which develop in the red corpuscles would have to be considered as the gamogonous generation. I am, however, of the opinion that the two stages in the cycle which I have called provisionally agamogony and gamogony, and which finally lead to the formation of the forms seen in the blood, succeed each other within the cell. Accordingly it is clear that the number of parasites increase as the disease develops. The forms which result from the segmentation of the last generation differ morpho- logically in no way from the parasites seen in the blood at the commence- ment of an infection. They possess, in proportion to the whole parasite, a large nucleus which contains a distinctive karyosome. In using Giemsa’s stain one can see differences due to the staining in the plasma of the bodies belonging to the agamogonous stage as well as of the gamogonous one. There are dark blue forms along with light blue ones containing larger alveli. It is possible that from the very start we have to deal with a sexual differentiation. The above nuclear phenomen can easily be studied in preparations stained according to the dry and moist methods of Giemsa, as well as in those stained with haemotoxylin. Microscopic examination of the various organs, particularly of the spleen, does not allow of definite conclusions. These organs represent a filter which retains the broken down parasites usually encountered in all protozoic diseases. When using the vital method I was never able to recognize the blue bodies, so that it is impossible for me to believe that these represent an assimulation product of the nuclei. The presence of Koch’s bodies in the kidneys is of second- ary importance. In East Coast Fever experimentally produced, either through the implantation of organs or in cases brought on by ticks, which finish rapidly with death, the formation of infarcts in the kidneys may not take place at all. My drawings of, *and the communication referring to Koch’s granules, concern fresh material obtained with a syringe from the lymphatic glands and the spleen. In cases of East Coast fever, where fever is present without parasites being present in the blood, the diagnosis can be made by examining juice from the spleen and lymphatic glands. If in the juice obtained from the puncture of the lymphatic glands or the spleen are seen Koch’s bodies containing only larger nuclei of a loose structure, and no forms of the second or gamogonous generation, it is possible that this latter does not take place at all, and no parasites are then found in the blood. Whether ticks which have been sucking the blood of such animals transmit the disease will be shown by later experiments.
It remains to explain the fact that the blood of animals suffering from East Coast fever injected into healthy animals does not produce the disease. It is possible that the blood contains forms which can only develop in the tick, and which, injected into the animal, die. In the
52
Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
transplantation of organs undertaken by Theiler and Meyer, Koch’s granules are directly transmitted. These represent, under natural condi- tions, the stages which are formed only after the tick has transmitted the disease. The infection of the various glands in the body of an animal takes place through the blood current and accordinglyit becomes feasible to expect that the inoculation of blood also ought to produce the disease. A suitable occasion would probably arise when the plasma granules are found in the blood. Experiments to elucidate this will be carried out as soon as opportunity occurs. In an animal which was infected by the transplantation of organs I found Koch’s granules in the blood. Dr. Meyer showed me blood smears sent in from the practice in which a great number of mononuclear leucocytes contained the plasma bodies.
Concerning the place of the East Coast fever parasite in protozology, the proposition of Bettencourt and others to separate it from the piroplasms and to substitute a new name {Theiler ia par va) is justified.
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Annals of the Transvaal Museum.
ANAPLASMA MARGINALE.
Dr. A. Theiler.
In the Annual Report of the United States Department of Agriculture for the years 1891 and 1892, Smith and Kilborn published their investigations into the cause of Texas fever, which was found to be due to the presence of an endoglobular parasite and to which they gave, at that time, the name of Pirosoma bigeminum. They described two forms of the disease : the acute and the mild one, which latter they also called the autumnal form. The differentiation of these two diseases was based on the aspect the parasites took in the red corpuscles which, although differing in shape and size, were considered to belong to two phases in the cycle of development. Accordingly they distinguished the pear-shaped parasite now called Piroplctsma bigeminum and which they identified with the acute form of Texas fever, from the second form, the peripheral coccus- like body of the mild or autumnal form of Texas fever. Smith and Kilborn based on these observations the possible life cycle of P. bigeminum of which they described three stages : —
1st. The (hypothetical) swarming stage, the form of which, however, as they state, could not be traced.
2nd. The stage of the peripheral coccus-like bodies, which bodies they thought would develop into the
3rd. The spindle or pear-shaped stage.
Smith and Kilborn already noticed that their third stage is the one which is usually met with in acute Texas fever. They had, therefore, to explain the absence of the coccus-like bodies in the acute stage, and their explanation was that the presence of the coccus-like bodies may be so ephemeral that they escape observation. Under the influence of the temperature of the autumn the second stage would remain as such and not develop into the third one. In this second stage they would cause the mild disease.
To understand this explanation it may be stated here that Smith and Kilborn undertook their experiments usually in July, August, and Sep- tember, and it was during September, October, and November, that they met with the disease due to the coccus-like bodies. In subsequent obser- vations made in South America by Knuth, the same coccus-like bodies were seen again. This author did not support the view of Smith and Kilborn about the three different stages, yet, nevertheless, he considered them to belong to the life cycle of P. bigeminum. On the other hand, Djunkowsky and Luhs, who were studying the piroplasms in the Trans- causcus, came across the same parasite ; they had noticed the presence of P. bigeminum in that country, but they did not identify the coccus-like body with this disease, but with another one, which they called tropical piroplasmosis, and which is due to a small piroplasm called P. anulatum very likely identical with our P. parvum.
In South Africa I have seen these parasites during a number of years. The American literature not being available to me at the beginning of my investigations,